Drainage System

Drainage System

Total Questions: 43

1. The Ganga river is an example of: [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (a) The Antecedent Drainage
Solution:The Ganga river is an example of antecedent drainage. The Ganga River System is one of the three major river basins that comprise the Himalayan Drainage System. The Ganga River and its numerous tributaries flow through the northern and eastern parts of the Indian subcontinent, shaping the landscape and sustaining diverse ecosystems along its course. With a total length of over 2,500 kilometres, the Ganga is the most important river in India and one of the longest in Asia.
The major tributaries of the Ganga River are:
  • Yamuna,
  • Ramganga,
  • Gomti,
  • Ghaghara,
  • Gandak,
  •  Damodar, and
  • Kosi etc.

2. In Bangladesh, the River Ganges is known as - [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]

Correct Answer: (b) Padma
Solution:The Ganga is the longest river in India. The total length of Ganga is 2525 km. Ganga flowing north to Rajmahal hills at the border of Jharkhand and West Bengal. Ganga enters Bangladesh by flowing through Farakka in West Bengal. Here Ganga is known as the Padma.

Ganga merges in the Brahmaputra river in Bangladesh and further this stream merges in Meghna river. Meghna river finally empties in the Bay of Bengal and forms the largest delta. This delta of the Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna river is created between Hugli and Meghna rivers.

3. River Ganga, after entering Bangladesh is known by which of the following names? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

Correct Answer: (b) Padma
Solution:After entering Bangladesh, the main branch of the Ganges is known as 'Padma'. The Padma is joined by Brahmaputra river (known as Jamuna). Further, it meets Meghna river and is commonly known as Meghna which flows into the Bay of Bengal.

4. On entering Bangladesh, Ganga is called- [Uttarakhand Lower Sub.(PRE) 2010]

Correct Answer: (a) Padma
Solution:After entering Bangladesh, the main branch of the Ganges is known as 'Padma'. The Padma is joined by Brahmaputra river (known as Jamuna). Further, it meets Meghna river and is commonly known as Meghna which flows into the Bay of Bengal.

5. Sunder ban Delta is formed by the rivers- [M.P.P.C.S.(PRE) 2024]

Correct Answer: (a) Ganga and Brahmaputra
Solution:Sunderban Delta is the world largest delta formed by the river Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna. Two third of Sunderban Delta is in Bangladesh while the rest is in India. It is a vast contiguous mangrove forest ecosystem in the coastal region of Bay of Bengal spread over India and Bangladesh on the delta (world's largest) of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers.

It contains the world's largest mangrove forests. Much of the area has long had the status of a forest reserve, but conservation efforts in India were stepped up with the creation of the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve in 1973. Sundarbans National Park, established in 1984, constitutes a core region within the tiger reserve; it was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987.

Sunderbans was designated as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 2001. Sundarban Wetland, India was recognised as the 'Wetland of International Importance' under the Ramsar Convention in January 2019.

Sunderban National Park is known for its wide range of fauna, including 260 bird species and is home to many rare and globally threatened wildlife species such as the Estuarine Crocodile, Royal Bengal Tiger, Water Monitor Lizard, Gangetic Dolphin and Olive Ridley Turtles.

The Sunderbans Delta is the only mangrove forest in the world inhabited by tigers. For its preservation, Discovery India and World Wide Fund (WWF) India partnered with the Government of West Bengal and local communities in the Sundarbans in 2019.

6. Assertion (A): The Ganga is a highly polluted river. [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]

Reason (R) : The holier the river, the more polluted it is.
Select the correct answer from the following code:

Correct Answer: (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Solution:It is correct that the Ganga is one of the most polluted rivers of the world but its reason is not its sanctity. A large proportion of the polluted water with a higher organic load of urban areas is dumped in the Ganges which is the root cause of pollution in Ganga.

7. The depth of Gangetic alluvial soil below the land surface is about - [39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]

Correct Answer: (a) 6000 meter
Solution:According to Oldham the depth of Gangetic alluvial soil below the land surface is about 4000-6000 meters and according to Glany, it is about 2000 meters. The Gangetic alluvial soil is a fertile soil found in the Indo-Gangetic plains. It's made up of silt, clay, sand, gravel, and organic matter.

The soil types vary from sandy clay loam to loam. In humid bioclimates, the soil has a clayey texture. In arid bioclimates, the soil has a sandy texture. The soil is found along rivers, in floodplains, deltas, stream terraces, and alluvial fans. The soil is very fertile.

8. Examine the following statements and select the correct answer by using codes given below: [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]

1. Devprayag is located at the confluence of the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda rivers.

2. Rudraprayag is located at the confluence of the Mandakini and Alaknanda rivers.

3. Alaknanda flows from Badrinath.

4. Kedarnath is considered the biggest seat established by Adi Shankaracharya.

Code:

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2, 3
Solution:The explanation of the above statements is as follows:

1. Devprayag is located at the confluence of the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda rivers. Hence, statement (1) is correct.

2. Rudraprayag is located at the confluence of the Mandakini and Alaknanda rivers. Hence, statement (2) is also correct.

3. Alaknanda flows in Chamoli, Tehri Garhwal and Pauri Garhwal district. Badrinath is a Nagar Panchayat of Chamoli district which is situated on the bank of Alaknanda river. Hence statement (3) is correct.

4. Joshimath (Badrinath) was established as a major pilgrimage site by Adi Shankaracharya, not Kedarnath. It is one of the 12 Jyotirlingas of Lord Shiva in India. Kedarnath is known as Samadhi Sthal of Adi Sankaracharya. Hence, statement (4) is wrong.

9. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using codes given below: [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A.(PRE) 2013]

List-IList-II
A. RudraprayagBhagirathi - Alaknanda
B. NandprayagMandakini - Alaknanda
C. KarnaprayagAlaknanda -Pindar
D. Devprayag Vishnu Ganga -Mandakini

Code:

ABCD
(a)1324
(b)2431
(c)3241
(d)4132
Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:Places mentioned in the list Rudraprayag, Karnaprayag and Devprayag are correctly matched with Mandakini-Alaknanda-Pindar and Bhagirathi-Alaknanda of thr list II respectively while Nandprayag is not matched with Vishnu Ganga - Mandakini. Nandaprayag is located at the confluence of the Nandakini and Alaknanda rivers. U.P.P.S.C. held option (b) as the correct answer.

10. Devprayag is situated at the confluence of rivers Aaknanda and: [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (a) Bhagirathi
Solution:Places mentioned in the list Rudraprayag, Karnaprayag and Devprayag are correctly matched with Mandakini-Alaknanda-Pindar and Bhagirathi-Alaknanda of thr list II respectively while Nandprayag is not matched with Vishnu Ganga - Mandakini. Nandaprayag is located at the confluence of the Nandakini and Alaknanda rivers. U.P.P.S.C. held option (b) as the correct answer.