Industry (Part-I)

Total Questions: 50

1. What is used for manufacturing stainless steel? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]

Correct Answer: (a) Chromium & Nickel
Solution:Stainless steel is a metal alloy, made up of steel mixed with elements such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, silicon, aluminium and carbon. Iron mixed with carbon to produce steel is the main component of stainless steel. Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

2. Bhilai Steel Plant is a collaborative project of the Indian government and: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

Correct Answer: (a) Russia
Solution:Bhilai Steel Plant is the collaborative project of Indian Government and Russia, located in Bhilai, Durg district in Chhattisgarh. The plant was commissioned in 1959. Presently, the total requirement of iron ore of Bhilai Steel Plant is met from Dalli Rajhara Iron Ore Complex (IOC) Korba and Kargali coal mines.

3. Bokaro Steel Plant was constructed with the collaboration of- [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (d) Russia
Solution:Bokaro steel plant is the fourth public sector steel plant in India built with Soviet (Russia) help. It was started in 1965. It was incorporated as a limited company on 29 January, 1964 and was later merged with SAIL (Steel Authority of India Limited). This plant is held as the country's first Swadeshi Steel Plant.

4. Which one of the following industries earns maximum Foreign exchange for India: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2003]

Correct Answer: (c) Iron and steel
Solution:When the question was asked option (c) was correct answer According to the Economic Survey, 2021-22. The expon value of tea and mate in 2020-21 is 756 million dollar, made up of jute including spun yarn 371 million dollar, Iron ore 4897 million dollar and sugar and molasses 2969 million dollar.

5. Which one of the following is not correctly matched? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]

LocationState
(a) BhilaiMadhya Pradesh
(b) DurgapurWest Bengal
(c) JamshedpurJharkhand
(d) RourkelaOdisha

 

Correct Answer: (a)
Solution:Bhilai Steel Plant has been established with the help of the former Soviet Union. Durgapur Steel Plant (West Bengal) was set up with the help of United Kingdom while Rourkela Steel Plant (Odisha) was set up with the help of Germany. Jamshedpur (Jharkhand) steel plant belongs to the private sector.

6. Rourkela Steel Plant gets its supplies of iron ore from [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]

Correct Answer: (a) Keonjhar
Solution:Rourkela Steel Plant is located on the main Mumbai-Kolkata S.E. Railway line in Sundergarh district, Odisha. The Rourkela Steel Plant was set up with the help of German company Krupps and Demag. It began production in 1959. It is located near Limestone, Dolomite & Manganese ore deposits.

This plant obtains iron ore from Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar, Sundergarh etc, Significantly Coal is obtained from Bokaro, Jharia & Talchar, Limestone, Dolomite from Birmitrapur, Manganese ore from Noamundi, coking coal from Kargali coal washery. This plant gets cheaper hydropower from Hirakud.

7. Which group of steel plants were established in India after independence? [R.A.S/R.T.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Bhilai, Durgapur, Rourkela
Solution:During the second Five Year Plan after independence, Rourkela Steel Plant (Odisha), Bhilai Steel Plant (Chhattisgarh) and Durgapur Steel Plant (West Bengal) were established with the collaboration of Germany, Russia and United Kingdom respectively.

8. Which among the following Iron & steel production plant is located far from Coalfields? [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (d) Bhadravati
Solution:

Among the above Iron & steel production plants Bokaro, Durgapur & Kulti-Asansol are located near coal reserves while Bhadravati Iron & steel production plant is located far from coal reserve.

9. Which of the following Iron and Steel plants is not close to raw material area? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (e) Both Durgapur & Salem
Solution:The main raw materials used in the Iron and steel industry are iron ore, coal, maganese, limestone, silica, chromite, feldspar, etc. The question does not specify which raw material used in manufacturing the iron and steel are not found in the vicinity of the places given in the option to the aforesaid question.

Certain raw materials are not found in the near vicinity of Durgapur and certain others nearby Salem Plant. So both option (c) and (d) seems to be correct. However, the question should be removed from evaluation considering the fact that all four options to answer of aforesaid question can be correct on the strength of material relied by on the commission.

10. As of early 2022, which country was at the top in steel production in the world? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

Correct Answer: (d) China
Solution:According to the data released by the World Steel Association in January 2023, China is on top in the production of crude steel globally, followed by India at second place.

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon containing less than 2% carbon and 1% manganese and small amounts of silicon, phosphorus, sulphur and oxygen. (with higher carbon content, it is known as cast iron).

Growth of the sector is driven by domestic availability of raw materials such as iron ore (fifth-highest reserves of iron ore), cost-effective labour (e.g. Durgapur in West Bengal), and increased infrastructure construction and the thriving automobile and railways sectors.

Initiatives taken by the government to promote the steel sector

  • National Steel Policy, 2017 envisages 300 million tonnes (MT) steel-making capacity and 160 kg per capita steel consumption by 2030-31.
  • 'Make in India' initiative, supported by the PM Gati-Shakti National Master Plan: To intensify engagement with key sectors-including Railways, Defence, Housing, etc. to boost steel usage.
  • Production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme for speciality steel: to stimulate the production of specialty steel within India and to reduce imports by attracting significant capital investment.
  • Mission Purvodaya: Accelerated development of eastern India (Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, and Andhra Pradesh) through the establishment of integrated steel hub in Kolkata.
  • Revamped Steel Import Monitoring System (SIMS) 2.0: intended to more effectively monitor steel imports and address concerns affecting the domestic steel industry.