Industry Part-II

Fertilizers have played an essential role in agricultural production, providing vital nutrients for crops, increasing demands over the years. As an agrarian country, India is home to numerous small and marginal farmers and is often plagued by low productivity and low quality.

Crops are mainly rain-fed and cultivated on a single piece of land over time, decreasing soil fertility in many regions. Thereby, increasing quantities of nitrogen fertilizers have been used in the country.

India's domestic fertilizer production does not meet its full demand, creating a dependency on imports. As per the 2023 Standing Committee of Parliament report:

• Urea: 20% of the domestic requirement is imported.
• Diammonium Phosphate (DAP): 50-60% of the demand is met through imports.
• Muriate of Potash (MOP): 100% dependency on imports.

The report stresses a need for self-reliance in fertilizer production to stabilize supplies.

Fertilizer is a chemical product either mined or manufactured material containing one or more essential plant nutrients that are immediately or potentially available in sufficiently good amounts.

Fertilizers have played an essential role in agricultural production, providing vital nutrients for crops, increasing demands over the years. As an agrarian country, India is home to numerous small and marginal farmers and is often plagued by low productivity and low quality.

Crops are mainly rain-fed and cultivated on a single piece of land over time, decreasing soil fertility in many regions. Thereby, increasing quantities of nitrogen fertilizers have been used in the country.

India's domestic fertilizer production does not meet its full demand, creating a dependency on imports. As per the 2023 Standing Committee of Parliament report:

• Urea: 20% of the domestic requirement is imported.
• Diammonium Phosphate (DAP): 50-60% of the demand is met through imports.
• Muriate of Potash (MOP): 100% dependency on imports.

The report stresses a need for self-reliance in fertilizer production to stabilize supplies.

Fertilizer is a chemical product either mined or manufactured material containing one or more essential plant nutrients that are immediately or potentially available in sufficiently good amounts. Fertilizers have played an essential role in agricultural production, providing vital nutrients for crops, increasing demands over the years. As an agrarian country, India is home to numerous small and marginal farmers and is often plagued by low productivity and low quality. Crops are mainly rain-fed and cultivated on a single piece of land over time, decreasing soil fertility in many regions. Thereby, increasing quantities of nitrogen fertilizers have been used in the country. India's domestic fertilizer production does not meet its full demand, creating a dependency on imports. As per the 2023 Standing Committee of Parliament report:

• Urea: 20% of the domestic requirement is imported.
• Diammonium Phosphate (DAP): 50-60% of the demand is met through imports.
• Muriate of Potash (MOP): 100% dependency on imports.

The report stresses a need for self-reliance in fertilizer production to stabilize supplies.

Covering more than 80,000 commercial products, India's chemical industry is extremely diversified and can be broadly classified into bulk chemicals, specialty chemicals, agrochemicals, petrochemicals, polymers, and fertilizers.

The Department of Chemicals & Petrochemicals intends to bring PLI into the chemical & petrochemical sector and will redraft the Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemicals Investment Region (PCPIR) guidelines. PLI schemes have been introduced to promote Bulk Drug Parks.

The government has started various initiatives such as mandating BIS-like certification for imported chemicals to prevent dumping of cheap and substandard chemicals into the country.

A 2034 vision for the chemicals and petrochemicals sector has been set up by the government to explore opportunities to improve domestic production, reduce imports and attract investments in the sector.

100% FDI is allowed under the automatic route in the chemicals sector with few exceptions that include hazardous chemicals. The government has proposed several incentives for setting up a sourcing or manufacturing platform within an Indian SEZ.

Covering more than 80,000 commercial products, India's chemical industry is extremely diversified and can be broadly classified into bulk chemicals, specialty chemicals, agrochemicals, petrochemicals, polymers, and fertilizers.

The Department of Chemicals & Petrochemicals intends to bring PLI into the chemical & petrochemical sector and will redraft the Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemicals Investment Region (PCPIR) guidelines. PLI schemes have been introduced to promote Bulk Drug Parks.

The government has started various initiatives such as mandating BIS-like certification for imported chemicals to prevent dumping of cheap and substandard chemicals into the country.

A 2034 vision for the chemicals and petrochemicals sector has been set up by the government to explore opportunities to improve domestic production, reduce imports and attract investments in the sector.

100% FDI is allowed under the automatic route in the chemicals sector with few exceptions that include hazardous chemicals. The government has proposed several incentives for setting up a sourcing or manufacturing platform within an Indian SEZ.

The paper sector has advanced rapidly during the period of planned development since independence. Now, India has 861 paper mills, 526 of which are operational, with a total installed capacity of 27.15 million tonnes, according to CPPRI data (2019-20). In India, per capita consumption is hovering around 2 kilograms, compared to more than 200 kg in highly industrialized countries.

India is likely to become a significant country in the industry's growth in the next few years. Paper and paperboard output in the world is around 390 million tonnes, with 490 million tonnes predicted by 2020. In 2009, 371 million tonnes of paper were consumed worldwide.

The pulp is not chemically treated to remove lignin, which is a substance that darkens when exposed to sunlight and oxygen. Newsprint is used to make newspapers, magazines, supplements, directories, and educational materials. Newsprint can be dyed in colors like green, blue, pink, yellow, orange, or salmon.