NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, June, 2023 Geography

Total Questions: 100

1. Which of the following facts are associated with photoperiod?

A. Longer the photoperiod the greater is the total possible insolation.
B. At poles day and night are always equal.
C. At. poles the daily photoperiod reaches a maximum of 24 hours in summer and a minimum of zero hours in winter.
D. At poles the daily photoperiod reaches a maximum of 24 hours in winter and a minimum of zero hour in summer.
Choose the most appropriate answer from options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A and C only
Solution:

Photoperiod Duration of time during the day an organism receives sunlight & as we know plants requires sunlight to growth through photosynthesis process thus photoperiod affects the growth of plants i.e.
Longer photoperiod → longer & healthier the plants [Mainly in equatorial Areas & decreases subsequently as we move towards polar areas]
Due to earth inclination on its axis i.e, 23½⁰ & the earth geoids shape, the earth receives varying amount of insolation & this radiation is huge such that during summers in any hemisphere (North or South) their polar areas receive 24 hours of sunlight while the polar areas of contrary hemisphere receives no sunlight during that time period. From the above explanation we can inferred that option A & C are correct.

2. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The sea waves of seismic origin in general, behave like long gravitational wave. Statement II: The sea wave of shorter length will reach their maximum height fast, whereas a longer wave will take a long time In the light of the above statements.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
Solution:

Statement 1 Sea waves of seismic origin i.e, Tsunami's are series of enormous waves created by an sudden underwater disturbance such as earthquake, landslide, volcanic eruption, etc. Gravitational wave → These are the waves generated due to massive disruptions in space-time curvature like Merger of Black hole, Supernova's etc. So they are not general in nature, they specifically formed due to sudden disruptions. Statement 2 The sea wave of shorter wavelength have high energy & high frequency due to which they reach their maximum height faster while the sea wave of longer wavelengths have low amount of energy & low frequency comparatively & it takes more time to reaches its maximum height. So option I is correct.

3. Match List I with List II


Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
Solution:

4. Landforms formed by erosional activities:

A. Yardang and Stumps
B. Cirque and Barchan
C. Arete and Esker
D. Blow Hole and Seif dune
E. Structural bench and Col
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A and E only
Solution:

5. Characteristics of ocean water include:

A. The distribution of ocean currents is not affected by the distribution of density of oceanic water.
B. Heat lost by the tropical oceans is the major source of heat needed to drive the atmospheric circulation.
C. Most of the heat absorbed by the oceans in tropics is released as water vapour in polar areas.
D. Less salty water are at high latitudes.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) B and D only
Solution:

Option A is wrong because– Density of sea water determines the movement of ocean currents for example The whole mechanism of subsurface ocean current movement from polar areas to be tropical areas is based on density difference.
Option B is correct– Heat loss by tropical ocean is a major contributor in earth's heat budget management i.e, Tropical oceanic areas traps the solar radiation by and converting the water molecule (liquid) into water vapour (Gas). This water vapour after reaching a certain height releases a significant amount of energy and condenses to from cloud. This energy also called as latent heat of evaporation and a major driving force for tropical cyclone. supplies moisture to atmosphere & in turn contributes to atmospheric circulation.
Option C is incorrect– Higher insulation ∝ Evaporation ∝ Water vapour thus polar areas have low evaporation causes has water vapour
Option D is correct– Less salty water is at higher latitude in comparison to low tropical areas because of less evaporation, infusion of fresh water from Glacier melting etc.

6. Which one of the following is located near Greenland?

Correct Answer: (a) Telegraph Plateau
Solution:

Telegraphic plateau is a part of North Atlantic Ridge & Located near the coast of Greenland It was named so because it is the ideal route for transatlantic telegraphic cable first laid down in 1858
while → Walvis Ridge → Southern Atlantic Ocean
Puerto Rico deep → Northern (near Caribbean Plate)
Challenger deep → Mariana trench in Pacific Ocean

7. Which of the following scholars argued for humanistic geography?

Correct Answer: (c) Yi-Fu-Tuan
Solution:

Chinese geographer Yi-Fu-Tuan considered to be as the father of humanistic geography Accor. to Yi-Fu-Tuan

• Humans & Environment share direct interrelationship & he identifies 5 themes in it.
• Geographical knowledge
• Territory & place → Attachment of organisms convert territory into place
• Crowding & privacy → Phenomenon of social grouping & isolation
• Livelihood & Economics → Ways & means to sustain life
• Religion → Way to bind people strongly through belief faith & religious activities.

8. The term 'Carbon Sinks' in used for which one of the following?

Correct Answer: (c) for forests
Solution:

'Carbon Sinks' is a term used to shows those features of earth which accumulates atmospheric carbon (CO2) in them.
• The Oceans, soil & Forest are world largest carbon sinks these sinks helps in controlling global warming as they moves out major global warming gas CO2 from atmosphere. Amazon forest also called as Lungs of earth.

9. Which one the following represents average temperature of water at bottom in the Red sea?

Correct Answer: (b) 21°C
Solution:

• Red sea is a seawater inlet of the Indian ocean eying between Africa & Asia.
• Saltiest area of all the seas that connect to the ocean without even one river meeting the sea
• Average temperature of water at bottom in the Red sea is 21°C.

10. Which of the following statements are correct?

A. The gap between rural and urban quality of life is not much wide in India.
B. About 70 per cent of the population lives in village in India.
C. Indian rural society is still semi-feudalistic.
D. Proportion of rural population is highest among states in Bihar.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) B and C only
Solution:

The difference in quality of life between urban & Rural areas is very high i.e, there are still villages in India which did not have even electricity proper sanitation & Health facility is not even reached at their(various reports from TOI, article 14.com etc) While various reports like recent "World's best cities report" 2023 put the Mumbai at 73rd rank i.e. above some of magnificent cities like. Shanghai, Lyon, Manchester.
Option 2 is correct–
Accor to 2011 census 31.1% of people of India resides in urban areas while almost 68.84% ≈ 70% lives in rural areas
Option 3 is correct–
Semi-feudalistic rural villages is still found in India. In which the large Zamindars/landlords/feudals were replaced by semi-feudals/moneylenders who control over the small farmers informally by made them to fall into debt trap, providing land to landless farmers & making them their servants.
Option 4 is incorrect–
As per 2011 census in India i.e. 18.6% while the highest % of rural population in the total population of the state was in Himachal Pradesh (89.97%). U.P. have highest proportion of Rural population while Goa have highest proportion of urban population.