UGC NTA NET/JRF EXAM, December 2023 (HISTORY)

The correct match for the lists is as follows:

Historian Lucien (Lucien) Febvre was associated with Itivrtta (chronicle/annals). Lucien Febvre first used the word "Possibilism." Febvre gave priority to human efforts and actions over the natural environment. Febvre was a French scholar. Itivrtta means a chronologically written account of past events. Kalhana's Rājatarangiņī is kept under the category of Itivrtta. Kauțilya, in his Arthashastra, considered Itivrtta to be a part of history.

"I am associated with men who, though unseen by the people, are still revered by them as God, and who feel every aspect connected with the people's feelings." This statement was made by Viceroy Lord Ripon (1880-84) for Allan Octavian Hume. Hume founded the Indian National Congress 1885 AD and remained the General Secretary until 1906. Lord Ripon was a liberal Viceroy, and in 1882, he initiated Local Self-Government, the objective of which was to impart political and popular education to the people.

In the Śrimad Bhagavad Gita, Śri Krişņa repeatedly explains in his teachings what kind of conduct and thoughts can lead a person to attain him. Krişņa's conduct provides us with lessons about the cosmic element (Viśvatattva), true friendship, emotional balance, the place of every person in one's life, and so on. The teachings given by Krişņa in the Gita with wholeness and completeness guide humanity just as a mother nurtures and raises her child, wishing them the best.

In Bankim Chandra Chatterjee's novel Anandamath, women are portrayed as "She was the mother, she is the mother: she will remain the mother." The detailed description of the Sannyasi Rebellion is given in this novel. The Sannyasi Rebellion took place in Bengal between the years 1770-1820. India's national song, Vande Mataram, is taken from the novel Anandamath.

Narayaņa Guru gave the slogan: "One Religion, One Caste, and One God for Man." Narayaņa Guru belonged to the Ezhava community, a lower caste in Kerala. He started the Arabippuram Movement in Kerala in 1888 AD. This movement was related to religious and social reform. Despite belonging to a lower caste, Śrī Nārāyaņa Guru consecrated an idol of Shiva at Arabippuram.

"The union of these individuals with the Congress is the union of a diseased organ with a healthy body, and the only remedy is surgical separation if the Congress is to be saved from death by blood poisoning." This opinion is related to the contemplation regarding H. A. Wadia, Pherozeshah Mehta, and the extremists. Pherozeshah Mehta, associated with the liberal ideology, published a newspaper called the Bombay Chronicle. Important extremists included Lala Lajpat Rai, Bipin Chandra Pal, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

Kauțilya's book Arthashastra has 15 Adhikaranas (Books) and 180 Prakaraņas (Sections). The number of verses in this text is said to be 4,000. Kauțilya was the Chief Priest and Prime Minister of the Mauryan ruler Chandragupta Maurya. Kauțilya was a great scholar of political science and composed the treatise 'Arthashastra' on the administration of the state. This text is the oldest available work on Hindu polity.

The Maurya period Sohgoura Copper Plate Inscription was obtained from Gorakhpur, U.P. This inscription is written in the Brahmī script and the Prakrit language. It was an order inspired by a place called Manavasti (Manwasi Junction) passed by the Mahāmātras (high officials) of Śrāvastī. It stated that the granaries (possibly established by Chandragupta Maurya) situated at Triveni, Mathura, Chanhũ, Modma, and Bhatt would be used in the event of drought and famine. The inscription also has a picture of the granary carved on it.

The correct match for the lists is as follows: