UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Politics Including International Relations and Studies JUNE-2025 (PAPER-II)

Total Questions: 100

1. Who is associated with Offensive Realism?

1. Kenneth Waltz
2. John Mearsheimer
3. Robert Gilpin
4. Johan Galtung

Correct Answer: 2. John Mearsheimer

Solution:Offensive Realism is a theory within the Realist school of international relations, primarily associated with John Mearsheimer.

He argues that the anarchic nature of the international system compels great powers to seek dominance or hegemony as the best way to ensure their survival. His seminal work "The Tragedy of Great Power Politics" (2001) outlines these views.

2. Who is associated with Constructivism in IR?

1. Karl Deutsch
2. Alexander Wendt
3. Morton Kaplan
4. Paul Baran

Correct Answer: 2. Alexander Wendt

Solution:Constructivism in international relations emphasizes the role of ideas, beliefs, and identities in shaping state behaviour, as opposed to material forces alone.

Alexander Wendt is the key figure associated with this school. His influential phrase "Anarchy is what states make of it" encapsulates the idea that international structures are socially constructed.

3. Who among the following is NOT a scholar of 'Dependency Theory' ?

1. Andre Gunder Frank
2. Milton Friedman
3. Raul Prebish
4. Fernando Henrique Cardoso

Correct Answer: 2. Milton Friedman

Solution:Dependency Theory critiques the global capitalist system and argues that resources flow from the "periphery" (underdeveloped states) to the "core" (developed states), perpetuating inequality.

Scholars such as Andre Gunder Frank, Raul Prebish, and Fernando Henrique Cardoso contributed to this theory. Milton Friedman, however, was a neoliberal economist and critic of such structural theories.

Dependency Theory critiques the global capitalist system and argues that resources flow from the "periphery" (underdeveloped states) to the "core" (developed states), perpetuating inequality.

4. Who has given the concept of 'Complex Interdependency'?

1. Joseph Stiglitz
2. Noam Chomsky
3. Robert Keohane
4. Rosenstein

Correct Answer: 3. Robert Keohane

Solution:The concept of Complex Interdependence was introduced by Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye in their book "Power and Interdependence"
(1977).

It describes a world where states and their fortunes are intertwined across multiple channels, not just through military power, and where cooperation, institutions, and economic ties play key roles.

5. Who is associated with the concept of 'Creative Destruction'?

1. Joseph Schumpeter
2. Vilfredo Pareto
3. Donald Trump
4. C. Wright Mills

Correct Answer: 1. Joseph Schumpeter

Solution:The term Creative Destruction is associated with Joseph Schumpeter, an Austrian economist. He described it as a process by which new
innovations lead to the demise of outdated industries, thereby driving economic progress in capitalist systems.

6. BrahMos missile is named after:

1. Two Indian sages
2. Two rivers
3. Two nuclear scientists
4. Two mountains

Correct Answer: 2. Two rivers

Solution:The BrahMos missile is a joint venture between India and Russia. Its name is derived from two rivers: the Brahmaputra River of India and the Moskva River of Russia.

This naming symbolizes the close cooperation between the two countries in the field of defense technology. The BrahMos is one of the fastest supersonic cruise missiles in the world and can be launched from land, sea, sub-sea, and air platforms.

7. Bayraktar TB2 is a:

1. Surface-to-air missile
2. Cruise missile
3. Unmanned aerial vehicle
4. Tank

Correct Answer: 3. Unmanned aerial vehicle

Solution:The Bayraktar TB2 is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by Baykar Technologies, a Turkish defense company. It is designed for
surveillance, intelligence, and precision strike missions.

The drone gained international attention for its effectiveness in various conflict zones, including Libya, Syria, and the Russia-Ukraine
war. It is known for being cost-effective and capable of carrying smart munitions.

8. Elon Musk does not own:

1. X
2. X AI
3. Starlink
4. Palantir

Correct Answer: 4. Palantir

Solution:Elon Musk is the owner or founder of several major companies, including:

X (formerly Twitter) - Social media platform.
X.AI - A company focused on artificial intelligence.
Starlink - A satellite internet service provided by SpaceX, which he founded.

However, Palantir Technologies is not owned by Elon Musk. It is a public American company specializing in big data analytics, co-founded by Peter Thiel and others.

9. Stilwell Road connects which two places?

1. Ledo-Kunming
2. Kolkata-Kunming
3. Kohima-Kunming
4. Aizwal-Kunming

Correct Answer: 1. Ledo-Kunming

Solution:The Stilwell Road, also known as the Ledo Road, was built during World War II to connect Ledo in Assam, India, to Kunming in Yunnan,
China, via Myanmar.

It was a crucial supply route used by Allied forces to support China
against Japanese forces. The road was named after General Joseph Stilwell, an American Army general who oversaw its construction.

10. Moreh-Tamu border trading point is between which two countries?

1. India-Myanmar
2. Bangladesh-Myanmar
3. India-Bangladesh
4. Bhutan-Bangladesh

Correct Answer: 1. India-Myanmar

Solution:The Moreh–Tamu border trading point lies between Moreh in Manipur, India, and Tamu in Sagaing Region, Myanmar.

It is a significant part of the India–Myanmar bilateral trade and also forms a crucial segment of the India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway. This border point plays a strategic role in enhancing connectivity under India’s Act East Policy.