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Agriculture and Allied Sectors (Part – III)

📆 October 5, 2024

Total Questions: 50

21. Indian Green Revolution started from : [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006]

Correct Answer: (a) Pantnagar
Solution:The beginning of green revolution in India is considered from the year 1966. University of Agriculture, Pantnagar has been an important contributor in bringing green revolution in India. This university is also called as the birth place of green revolution when its started in India ?

Green Revolution refers to the multiple crop production growth in third-world countries based on modern inputs, technologies, HYVs (High-Yielding Varieties), farm mechanisation, and irrigation facilities. It reflects the agroeconomic situation of developing countries that aim for self-sufficiency in agriculture and mitigate food crises, hunger, famine, and related social evils.
The basis of the Green Revolution in India can be seen in the following points:

  • High-yielding varieties (HYVs) - These genetically modified seeds yield 2 to 3 times more than regular crops.
    They are dwarf varieties with dense canopies. Because they                      are very tender and fragile, they need more water, chemical                       fertilisers, and protection from pests and weeds.
    It also requires on-farm activities like soil preparation. It has                   a short generation period and leads to greater production in a                  short period.
    The short duration of growth means that land is used for the next crop, thus increasing cropping intensity.
  • Irrigation Facilities - In 1960, India's net irrigated area was only 30 million hectares, and extending irrigation to the rest of India was daunting.
  • Credit and Financing - This requires an excellent rural credit and microfinancing network to support farmers' needs.
  • Commercialisation of Agriculture - The introduction of Minimum Support Prices for crops gave farmers an extra reason to grow crops.
  • Farm Mechanization - It was required to increase crop production.
    The Command Area Development Program (CADP), introduced in 1974, comprised two main components:
  • On-Farm Development Activities - This included constructing agricultural channels, ploughing, levelling, and bunding.
  • Off-Farm Development Activities - This focused on building roads, improving rural connectivity, and enhancing marketing, transportation, and communication.

22. Who was the person not associated with the green revolution when its started in India ? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006]

Correct Answer: (d) Rafi Ahmed Kidwai
Solution:In India, the father of green revolution was Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, while the role of the then prime Minister Indira Gandhi and the then Union Agriculture Minister C. Subramaniam was also very important. Rafi Ahmed Kidwai was not related with the green revolution.

Green Revolution refers to the multiple crop production growth in third-world countries based on modern inputs, technologies, HYVs (High-Yielding Varieties), farm mechanisation, and irrigation facilities. It reflects the agroeconomic situation of developing countries that aim for self-sufficiency in agriculture and mitigate food crises, hunger, famine, and related social evils.
The basis of the Green Revolution in India can be seen in the following points:

  • High-yielding varieties (HYVs) - These genetically modified seeds yield 2 to 3 times more than regular crops.
    They are dwarf varieties with dense canopies. Because they                      are very tender and fragile, they need more water, chemical                       fertilisers, and protection from pests and weeds.
    It also requires on-farm activities like soil preparation. It has                   a short generation period and leads to greater production in a                  short period.
    The short duration of growth means that land is used for the next crop, thus increasing cropping intensity.
  • Irrigation Facilities - In 1960, India's net irrigated area was only 30 million hectares, and extending irrigation to the rest of India was daunting.
  • Credit and Financing - This requires an excellent rural credit and microfinancing network to support farmers' needs.
  • Commercialisation of Agriculture - The introduction of Minimum Support Prices for crops gave farmers an extra reason to grow crops.
  • Farm Mechanization - It was required to increase crop production.
    The Command Area Development Program (CADP), introduced in 1974, comprised two main components:
  • On-Farm Development Activities - This included constructing agricultural channels, ploughing, levelling, and bunding.
  • Off-Farm Development Activities - This focused on building roads, improving rural connectivity, and enhancing marketing, transportation, and communication.

23. Which one of the following most appropriately describes the nature of Green Revolution of late sixties of 20th century ? [B.P.S.C (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (d) Seed-fertilizer-Water technology
Solution:Among the given options, Seed-Fertilizer-Water technology most appropriately describes the nature of Green Revolution in India which was initiated in late sixties of 20th century. By using seeds with improved genetics (high-yielding variety seeds), fertilizers, water for irrigation, agricultural machinery, pesticides etc., the Green Revolution changed India's status from a food-deficient country to one of the world's leading agricultural nations.

24. Self-sufficiency in food, in the true sense of freedom from hunger, has not been achieved in India inspite of a more than three-fold rise in foodgrains production over 1954. 1990. Which of the following are the reasons for it? [I.A.S. (Pre) 1994]

1. The green revolution has been restricted to small pockets of the country.

2. The cost of food is too high compared to the earnings of the poor.

3. Too much emphasis is laid on wheat and paddy compared to the coarse grains.

4. The gains of the green revolution have largely accrued to the cash crop rather than food crops.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below-

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3
Solution:The green revolution is criticized that it benefited only t certain areas and to certain large farmers. Again the green revolution concentrated only on increasing the production of wheat, rice and some cash crops rather than coarse cereals. Prices of food grains have been continuously increasing, in which Minimum Support Prices have played a major role. The income of lower classes of the society has comparatively less increased. Hence, in spite of a more than three-fold increase in food grains production over 1950-1990 self-sufficiency in food has not been achieved in India.

25. Which States of India have derived maximum benefits from green revolution ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (c) Punjab, Haryana & Western U.P.
Solution:Green revolution in India started with Kharif crop in 1966, The States like Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh (Western part), etc. having good irrigation and other infrastructure facilities were able to derive the maximum benefits of the green revolution.

Green Revolution refers to the multiple crop production growth in third-world countries based on modern inputs, technologies, HYVs (High-Yielding Varieties), farm mechanisation, and irrigation facilities. It reflects the agroeconomic situation of developing countries that aim for self-sufficiency in agriculture and mitigate food crises, hunger, famine, and related social evils.
The basis of the Green Revolution in India can be seen in the following points:

  • High-yielding varieties (HYVs) - These genetically modified seeds yield 2 to 3 times more than regular crops.
    They are dwarf varieties with dense canopies. Because they                      are very tender and fragile, they need more water, chemical                       fertilisers, and protection from pests and weeds.
    It also requires on-farm activities like soil preparation. It has                   a short generation period and leads to greater production in a                  short period.
    The short duration of growth means that land is used for the next crop, thus increasing cropping intensity.
  • Irrigation Facilities - In 1960, India's net irrigated area was only 30 million hectares, and extending irrigation to the rest of India was daunting.
  • Credit and Financing - This requires an excellent rural credit and microfinancing network to support farmers' needs.
  • Commercialisation of Agriculture - The introduction of Minimum Support Prices for crops gave farmers an extra reason to grow crops.
  • Farm Mechanization - It was required to increase crop production.
    The Command Area Development Program (CADP), introduced in 1974, comprised two main components:
  • On-Farm Development Activities - This included constructing agricultural channels, ploughing, levelling, and bunding.
  • Off-Farm Development Activities - This focused on building roads, improving rural connectivity, and enhancing marketing, transportation, and communication.

26. The Second Green Revolution proposed by the Prime Minister does not include : [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2008]

Correct Answer: (d) encourage foreign direct investment in agriculture
Solution:The Second Green Revolution proposed by the Prime Minister does not include encouragement to foreign direct investment in agriculture while other three options are parts of that initiative.

Green Revolution refers to the multiple crop production growth in third-world countries based on modern inputs, technologies, HYVs (High-Yielding Varieties), farm mechanisation, and irrigation facilities. It reflects the agroeconomic situation of developing countries that aim for self-sufficiency in agriculture and mitigate food crises, hunger, famine, and related social evils.
The basis of the Green Revolution in India can be seen in the following points:

  • High-yielding varieties (HYVs) - These genetically modified seeds yield 2 to 3 times more than regular crops.
    They are dwarf varieties with dense canopies. Because they                      are very tender and fragile, they need more water, chemical                       fertilisers, and protection from pests and weeds.
    It also requires on-farm activities like soil preparation. It has                   a short generation period and leads to greater production in a                  short period.
    The short duration of growth means that land is used for the next crop, thus increasing cropping intensity.
  • Irrigation Facilities - In 1960, India's net irrigated area was only 30 million hectares, and extending irrigation to the rest of India was daunting.
  • Credit and Financing - This requires an excellent rural credit and microfinancing network to support farmers' needs.
  • Commercialisation of Agriculture - The introduction of Minimum Support Prices for crops gave farmers an extra reason to grow crops.
  • Farm Mechanization - It was required to increase crop production.
    The Command Area Development Program (CADP), introduced in 1974, comprised two main components:
  • On-Farm Development Activities - This included constructing agricultural channels, ploughing, levelling, and bunding.
  • Off-Farm Development Activities - This focused on building roads, improving rural connectivity, and enhancing marketing, transportation, and communication.

27. Which one of the following agriculture practices is eco-friendly ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (d) Organic farming
Solution:Organic farming is an eco-friendly agricultural practice that uses fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting. It is defined as production of crops without the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Compared with conventional agriculture, organic farming reduces soil erosion, decreases nitrate leaching into groundwater and surface water and recycles animal wastes back into farm.

28. The nationwide 'Soil Health Card Scheme' aim at : [I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]

1. expanding the cultivable area under irrigation.

2. enabling the banks to assess the quantum of loans to be granted to farmers on the basis of soil quality.

3. Checking the overuse of fertilizers in farmlands.

Which of the above statement is/are correct ?

Correct Answer: (b) 3 only
Solution:The Soil Health Card Scheme was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 19 February, 2015 at Suratgarh, Rajasthan. The scheme has been introduced to assist State Governments to issue soil health cards to all farmers in the country. Soil health card provides information to farmers on nutrients' status of their soil along with recommendations on appropriate dosage of nutrients to be applied for improving soil health and its fertility. Soil health cards carry crop-wise recommendations of nutrients and fertilizers required for the individual farms to help farmers to improve productivity through judicious use of inputs. Hence, among the given statements, checking the overuse of fertilizers in farmlands is the aim of this scheme.

29. With reference to 'Initiative for Nutritional Security through Intensive Millets Promotion' which of the following statements is/are correct ? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]

1. This initiative aims to demonstrate the improved production and post-harvest technologies, and to demonstrate value addition techniques, in an integrated manner, with cluster approach.

2. Poor, small, marginal and tribal farmers have larger stake in this scheme.

3. An important objective of the scheme is to encourage farmers of commercial crops to shift to millet cultivation by offering them free kits of critical inputs of nutrients and micro irrigation equipment.

Select the correct answer using the code given below -

Correct Answer: (c) 1 and 2 only
Solution:Initiative for Nutritional Security through Intensive Millet Promotion (INSIMP) was launched in 2011-12 under Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna (RKVY) for promotion of millets as nutri-cereals. The scheme aims to demonstrate the improved production and post-harvest technologies in an integrated manner with visible impact to catalyze increased production of millets in the country. Besides increasing production of millets, the scheme through processing and value addition techniques is expected to generate consumer demand for millet based food products. Poor, small, marginal and tribal farmers have larger stake in this scheme as millet cultivation is done by them. Technology demonstration kits of critical inputs of nutrients would be supplied free to beneficiary farmers subject to maximum area of 2 hectares. Shifting from commercial crops and offering of micro-irrigation equipment have not been mentioned in this scheme

30. National Agriculture Technology Project (NATP) is funded in India by : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]

Correct Answer: (b) World Bank
Solution:National Agriculture Technology Project (NATP) was launched by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and Union Ministry of Agriculture in 1998, with the support of the World Bank to strengthen and complement the existing resources and to augment the output of national agricultural research system.                                                                                                                            World Bank
It was created in 1944, as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) along with the IMF. The IBRD later became the World Bank.
  • The World Bank Group is a unique global partnership of five institutions working for sustainable solutions that reduce poverty and build shared prosperity in developing countries.
  • The World Bank is one of the United Nations' specialized agencies.
    Members:
  • It has 189 member countries.
  • India is also a member country.
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