Agriculture and Allied Sectors (Part – IV)

National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (NAFED) is related to the agricultural marketing. It was established on 2 October 1958. It is an apex organization under the Ministry of Agriculture, which deals with marketing cooperatives for agricultural produce in India. NAFED has been started with the objective to organize, promote and develop marketing, processing and storage of agricultural, horticultural and forest produce, distribution of agricultural machinery, implements and other inputs, undertake inter-state import and export trade, wholesale or retail and to facilitate, coordinate and promote the marketing and trading activities of the cooperative institutions, partners and associates in agricultural and other commodities. Thus, while NAFED is also related with agricultural implements, but its main objective is to promote cooperative marketing of agricultural produce to benefit the farmers.

National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (NAFED) is related to the agricultural marketing. It was established on 2 October 1958. It is an apex organization under the Ministry of Agriculture, which deals with marketing cooperatives for agricultural produce in India. NAFED has been started with the objective to organize, promote and develop marketing, processing and storage of agricultural, horticultural and forest produce, distribution of agricultural machinery, implements and other inputs, undertake inter-state import and export trade, wholesale or retail and to facilitate, coordinate and promote the marketing and trading activities of the cooperative institutions, partners and associates in agricultural and other commodities. Thus, while NAFED is also related with agricultural implements, but its main objective is to promote cooperative marketing of agricultural produce to benefit the farmers.

NAFED, State Trading Corporation and MMTC are engaged in exporting agricultural goods from India while IFFCO is engaged in the business of manufacturing and marketing (including import-export) of fertilizers in India.

Agriculture falls under the State List of the Constitution. Agriculture marketing in most States is regulated by Agri- cultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs) established by State Governments under their respective APMC Acts. The APMCs provide infrastructure for marketing of agricultural produce, regulate sale of such produce and collect market fees from such sale, and regulate competition in agricultural marketing.

Golden rice (Oryza sativa) is a variety of rice, produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene (a precursor of vitamin A) in the edible parts of rice. It is intended to produce a fortified food to be grown and consumed in areas with a shortage of dietary Vitamin A.

Demand for most agricultural products is found to be inelastic. People can consume only so much that they are satiated. Even if price drops they will not buy much more. Inelastic demand is a serious problem for the farmers because when price falls the increase in quantity does not make up for the revenue loss due to the lower price.

GB. Past University of Agriculture and Technology is the first agricultural university of India. It is located in Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. It was inaugurated in the year 1960 as the 'Uttar Pradesh Agricultural University and in 1972 it was renamed to its present name

First agricultural university in India was established at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (erstwhile part of Uttar Pradesh). It was inaugurated and dedicated to the nation by Jawahar Lal Nehru on 17 November, 1960 as the 'Uttar Pradesh Agricultural University. Later the name was changed to 'Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology. Hence, statement I is correct.

In the ICAR's magazine and some research papers, it is given that during 1901-1905, six agricultural colleges were established at Kanpur, Pune, Sabour, Nagpur, Lyallpur and Coimbatore. However, as per the websites of many of these agricultural colleges, their establishment years are after 1905 [e.g. Pune-1908, Lyallpur (now Faisalabad)- 1906, Kanpur- 190

The correct chronological order of the given technological projects of ICAR is as follows:

II. Krishi Vigyan Kendra - 1974

IV. Lab to Land Programme - 1979

III. National Agricultural Technology Project - 1998

I. National Agricultural Innovation Project - 2006

Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR) is located in Varanasi (U.P.).