Agriculture: Miscellaneous

Total Questions: 50

11. The stem of ginger which grows in the soil and stores food is called- [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1996]

(a) Bulb
(b) Rhizome
(c) Rhizophora
(d) Corm

Correct Answer: (b) Rhizome

Solution:The stem of ginger which grows in the soil and stores food is known as Rhizome. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a herbaceous flowering plant that belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. They are perennial plants that live for more than two years. It is a herbaceous perennial plant that grows upto 1 metre high. The leaves grow in an alternate manner and are long and elongate in nature. It produces white and pink clusters of flower buds that grow into yellow flowers on maturity. The flowers are arranged in a cone-like spike that is covered with overlapping green bracts. It is a monocotyledon plant. The underground stem modification forms into a rhizome that is widely used as a spice. The rhizome is palmately branched and bears leafy shoots. The leafy shoots are a pseudostem formed from the leafy sheaths and bears 8-12 distichous leaves. The inflorescence arises directly from the rhizome.

12. Which of the following is a cereal grain product: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Oatmeal
(b) Sago
(c) Soya flour
(d) Arrowroot

Correct Answer: (a) Oatmeal

Solution:Cereal grain product, oatmeal is used as food by people and also as fodder for cattle. The oat (Avena sativa), popularly known as the common oat, is a type of cereal grain produced for its corresponding seed (usually in the plural, unlike other cereals and pseudocereals). Although oatmeal and rolled oats are good for human consumption, one of the most popular uses for oats is as livestock feed.Temperate locations are the greatest places to cultivate oats. They are especially crucial in regions with mild, rainy summers, like Northwest Europe and even Iceland, as they require less summer heat and can withstand more rain than other cereals like wheat, rye, or barley. Oats are an annual plant that can be sown in the spring or the fall for harvest in the late summer (for early autumn harvest). It grows well in environments with temperatures between 15 and 25 degrees Celsius. 80 to 100 mm of rain is ideal. The ideal sowing temperature range is 20 to 40 °C. Temperatures for harvesting should range from 25 to 30 °C.

13. 'Mandua' (Koda) grain in Uttarakhand is exported mostly to which country? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

(a) United States of America
(b) Great Britain
(c) Singapore
(d) Japan

Correct Answer: (d) Japan

Solution:In the question period Mandua (Koda) grain in Uttarakhand is exported mostly to Japan. Food products made of Mandua are in high demand in foreign countries.

14. Consider the following crops of India [I.A.S. (Pre) 2012]

1. Groundnut

2. Sesame

3. Pearl millet

Which of the above is/are predominantly rainfed crop/ crops?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) Only 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution:Groundnut, Bajra (millet) and sesame are cultivated in dry areas. Irrigation of these crops is totally dependent on rain.

Groundnut ia an oilseed crop that contains 40-53% oil. A good source of protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and boron. Contains vitamin E and small amounts of vitamin B complex. The de-oiled cake from groundnuts is used as animal feed. India is the world's largest producer of groundnut in terms of area under cultivation.

Sesame is an energy-rich crop that is grown in energy-starved conditions. The Onattukara sesame is known for its medicinal properties and high quality. It is primarily cultivated in the Onattukara region of Kerala, India.

Bajra (pearl millet) is a rainfed crop that grows in hot and humid conditions with substantial rainfall. Grows best in cooler temperatures, ideally between 15°C and 20°C. Highly dependent on monsoon rains. Prefers well-drained soils that can retain moisture during the rainy season.

15. Consider the following crops of India [I.A.S. (Pre) 2012]

1. Cowpea

2. Green gram

3. Pigeon Pea

Which of the above is/are used as pulse, fodder and green manure?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) Only 2
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution:Cowpea, Green Gram and Pigeon Pea are used as fertilizer, fodder and pulses. By using green fertilizer of Arhar in one hectare land, 40 kg of nitrogen is obtained Union Public Service Commission has taken (a) as the correct answer.

16. Among the following states, which one has the most suitable climatic conditions for the cultivation of a large variety of orchids with a minimum cost of production and can develop an export-oriented industry in this field? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2011]

(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Uttar Pradesh

Correct Answer: (b) Arunachal Pradesh

Solution:Arunachal Pradesh is emerging as a major tourist destination in North East India. Here we find splendid biodiversity of plant and animal kingdom. This place is famous for its flourishing forests, variety of forest animals, deep-river valleys and beautiful plateaus. Arunachal Pradesh is home to varieties of orchids. Due to climatic suitability, Arunachal Pradesh can be developed for the cultivation of large varieties of orchids and establish export-oriented industry.

17. Which one of the following States was declared in January 2016 to be the first organic State of India? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

(a) Arunachal Pradesh
(b) Kerala
(c) Odisha
(d) Sikkim

Correct Answer: (d) Sikkim

Solution:Sikkim is declared as the first Organic State of India by Hon'ble Prime Minister of India, Shri Narendra Modi on 18 January, 2016. He appreciated Sikkim for its transformation into an eco freindly farming state.

18. Which one of the following states of India has been declared the first bio or fully organic state of the country? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2016]

(a) Uttarakhand
(b) Bihar
(c) Sikkim
(d) Chhattisgarh

Correct Answer: (c) Sikkim

19. A state in India has the following characteristics [I.A.S. (Pre) 2011]

1. Its Northern part is arid and semi-arid.

2. Its central part produces cotton.

3. Cultivation of cash crops is predominant over food crops.

Which one of the following states has all of the above characteristics?

(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Gujarat
(c) Karnataka
(d) Tamil Nadu

Correct Answer: (b) Gujarat

Solution:The northern part of Gujarat is arid and semi-arid and in its central part, cultivation of cotton crops is done on large scale. Cultivation of cash crops is predominant over food crops in Gujarat.

20. In India, cluster bean (Guar) is traditionally used as 1 vegetable or animal food, but recently it's cultivation has assumed significance. Which one of the following statements is correct in this context? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

(a) The oil extracted from seeds is used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics
(b) The gum made from its seeds is used in the extraction of shale gas
(c) The leaf extract of this plant has the properties of antihistamines
(d) It is a source of high-quality biodiesel

Correct Answer: (b) The gum made from its seeds is used in the extraction of shale gas

Solution:The Guar or Cluster bean is an annual legume and the source of guargum. Guar as a plant has a multitude of different functions for human and animal nutrition but its gelling agent containing seeds (guargum) is today the most useful. Demand is rising rapidly due to the industrial use of guar gum in hydraulic fracturing (oil shale gas). About 80% of world production occurs in India and Pakistan.

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