Agriculture (UPSC)

Total Questions: 50

11. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

List-I (Agricultural products)	List-II (Foremost producer)
A. Cotton	1. Madhya Pradesh
B. Gram	2. Gujarat
C. Black pepper	3. West Bengal
D. Pineapple	4. Kerala

	A	B	C	D
(a)	2	1	4	3
(b)	1	2	4	3
(c)	2	1	3	4
(d)	1	2	3	4

Correct Answer: (a)

Solution:Gujarat is the foremost producer of cotton. Gram is produced in Madhya Pradesh, Black pepper is produced in Kerala and Pineapple is produced highest in West Bengal.

12. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [1999]

List-I (Agricultural products)	List-II (Rainfall and Temperature Conditions)
A. Cotton	1. Rainfall 1000-1500 mm; Temperature 40°-60°C
B. Flax	2. Rainfall 1500-2000 mm; Temperature 25°-35°C
C. Sugar beet	3. Rainfall 600-800 mm; Temperature 5°-18° C
D. Jute	4. Rainfall 500-1000 mm; Temperature 18°-22°C
	5. Rainfall 500-600 mm; Temperature 18°-22°C

	A	B	C	D
(a)	1	3	4	2
(b)	2	3	5	4
(c)	4	5	2	1
(d)	4	3	5	2

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:A. Cotton cultivation needs 1500-2000 mm and the suitable temperature for cotton growth is 25° - 35°C.

B. Flax cultivation needs 600-800 mm and temperature varies from 5°-18° C.

C. The suitable climatic condition for sugar beet requires 500-600 mm and temperature 18°-22° С.

D. Jute cultivation needs 500-1000 mm rainfall and temperature between 18°-22°C

13. Which one of the following agricultural practices is eco- friendly?

(a) Organic farming
(b) Shifting cultivation
(c) Cultivation of high yielding varieties
(d) Growing plants in glass-houses

Correct Answer: (a) Organic farming

Solution:Organic farming is a production system of crops which avoids the use of synthetic and chemical inputs like fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators and livestock feed additives.

14. Assertion (A): Insect resistant transgenic cotton has been produced by inserting Bt gene.

Reason (R): The Bt gene is derived from a bacterium.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Solution:Assertion and reason is true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

Bacillus thuringiensis is the bacterium which is used in Bt gene of cotton. Bt cotton is insect resistant.

15. Assertion (A): In Australia, cattle rearing is done more for meat than for milk.

Reason (R): Australians are traditionally nonvegetarians

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A

Solution:Assertion is correct, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion but he statement is true.

In Australia farmers rear cattle for meat export, and most of the Australian people are non-vegetarian.

16. The high density of population in Nile valley and Islands of Java is primarily due to :

(a) intensive agriculture
(b) industrialization
(c) urbanization
(d) topographic limitations

Correct Answer: (a) intensive agriculture

Solution:Due to availability of fertile alluvial soil intensive 17 agricultural practices was possible in the Nile river and islands of Java. So, in this regions high density of population is found.

17. With reference to Indian agriculture, which one of the following statements is correct?

(a) About 90 percent of the area under pulses in India is rainfed
(b) Share of pulses in the gross cropped are at the national level has doubled in the last two decades.
(c) India accounts for about 15 percent of the total area under rice in the world.
(d) Rice occupies about 34 percent of the gross cropped are in India

Correct Answer: (a) About 90 percent of the area under pulses in India is rainfed

Solution:In Indian agriculture about 90% of the area under pulse is rainfed, but pulses need less water for cultivation so, the production of pulse hampers.

18. Consider the following high yielding varieties of crops in India:

1. Arjun 2. Jaya

3. Padma 4. Sonalika

Which of these are of wheat?

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 1 and 4

Solution:Arjun and Sonalika are hybrid variety of wheat produced by Indian Council of Agricultural Research.

19. Assertion (A): Eastern coast of India produces more rice than the western coast.

Reason (R): Eastern coast receives more rainfall than the western coast.

(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer: (c) A is true but R is false

Solution:Assertion is true, but reason is false. The western coast receives more rainfall than eastern coast, but the temperature between 20-27°C, heavy clayed soil quality and rainfall is more suitable for rice cultivation.

20. Consider the following statements:

1. India is the original home of the cotton plant

2. India is the first country in the world to develop hybrid cotton variety leading to increased production.

Which of these statements is/are correct?

(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Solution:India is the original home of cotton plant. The cotton hybrid variety H-4 developed first and Raj-16, Dhanalaxmi, and Fateh are the variety which were developed in India.

India is having 2nd place in the world with estimated production of 343.47 lakh bales (5.84 Million Metric Tonnes) during cotton season 2022-23 i.e. 23.83% of world cotton production of 1441 lakh bales (24.51 Million Metric Tonnes)

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