Agriculture (UPSC)

Total Questions: 50

31. Which one amongst the following has the largest livestock population in the world?

(a) Brazil
(b) China
(c) India
(d) USA

Correct Answer: (d) USA

Solution:India has largest livestock population in the world, having 57% of world's buffalo population and 14% of the cattle population. According to 17th India's Livestock Census, 2003, the country has about 18.5 crore cattle and 9.8 crore buffalo with total livestock of 48-50 crore and total poultry of 48.90 crore.

32. Consider the following statements:

1. Chikmagalur is well-known for sugar production.

2. Mandya is well-known as a coffee producing region.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution:Chikmagalur is famous for coffee. Mandya is famous for sugar and paper production.

33. Though coffee and tea both are cultivated on hill slopes, there is some difference between them regarding their cultivation.

In this context, consider the following statements:

1. Coffee plant requires a hot and humid climate of tropical areas whereas tea can be cultivated in both tropical and subtropical areas.

2. Coffee is propagated by seeds but tea is propagated by stem cuttings only.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Solution:Not only the tea plants but also the coffee plants can be propagated by seeds and stem cutting.

34. With reference to soil conservation, consider the following practices: [2010]

1. Crop rotation 2. Sand fences

3. Terracing 4. Wind breaks

Which of the above are considered appropriate methods for soil conservation in India?

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Solution:Crop rotation, sand fences, terracing, and windbreaks are effective soil conservation methods in India. These practices maintain soil fertility, reduce erosion, and control sand movement, addressing India's significant soil degradation issues and promoting sustainable agriculture.

35. An objective of the National Food Security Mission is to increase the production of certain crops through area expansion and productivity enhancement in a sustainable manner in the identified districts of the country. What are those crops?

(a) Rice and wheat only
(b) Rice, wheat and pulses only
(c) Rice, wheat, pulses and oil seeds only
(d) Rice, wheat, pulses, oil seeds and vegetables

Correct Answer: (b) Rice, wheat and pulses only

Solution:National Food Security Mission launched by government of India to increase the food production of rice, wheat and pulses and commercial gaps like sugarcance jute. The target is to increase the production of rice by 10 million tones, wheat by 8 million tones and pulses, by 2 million tones by the end of Eleventh Plan.

36. Tamil Nadu is a leading producer of mill-made cotton yarn in the country. What could be the reason?

1. Black cotton soil is the predominant type of soil in the State.

2. Rich pool of skilled labour is available.

Which of the above is/are the correct reasons?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only

Solution:The predominant soil in Tamil Nadu is red which supports cotton cultivation and a rich pool of skilled labour is available in Tamil Nadu.

37. Given below are the names of four energy crops. Which one of them can be cultivated for ethanol ?

(a) Jatropha
(b) Maize
(c) Pongamia
(d) Sunflower

Correct Answer: (b) Maize

Solution:Maize is one of the carbohydrate rich crops; hence it is more suited for ethanol-production among the given crops.

38. Salinization occurs when the irrigation water accumulated in the soil evaporates, leaving behind salts and minerals. What are the effects of salinization on the irrigated land?

(a) It greatly increases the crop production
(b) It makes some soils impermeable
(c) It raises the water table
(d) It fills the air spaces in the soil with water

Correct Answer: (b) It makes some soils impermeable

Solution:Salinization for a long time on the irrigated land led to soil impermeability.

39. Which of the following is the chief characteristic of 'mixed farming'?

(a) Cultivation of both cash crops and food crops
(b) Cultivation of two or more crops in the same field
(c) Rearing of animals and cultivation of crops together
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) Rearing of animals and cultivation of crops together

Solution:Mixed farming refer to rearing of animals and cultivation 40 of crops together.

40. Consider the following crops of India :

1. Cowpea

2. Green gram

3. Pigeon pea

Which of the above is/are used as pulse, fodder and green manure?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

Solution:All these crops are leguminous crop (Pulses crops), and have the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen through symbioti nitrogen fixation but pigeon pea is used as pasta ingredient.

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