Alloys

Total Questions: 42

21. Which metal exists as a common component in Brass, Bronze, and German Silver? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Antimony
(b) Copper
(c) Tin
(d) Zinc

Correct Answer: (b) Copper

Solution:Brass consists of about 68-71% Copper, and the rest is Zinc. Bronze consists of about 88% Copper and 12% Tin. German silver has almost 50% Copper.

22. Brass is an alloy of— [47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005, R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1997]

(a) Copper and Nickel
(b) Nickel and Zinc
(c) Copper and Zinc
(d) Iron and Nickel

Correct Answer: (c) Copper and Zinc

Solution:Brass consists of about 68-71% Copper, and the rest is Zinc.

23. Which among the following are constituents of brass? [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2022]

(a) Zinc and copper
(b) Iron and zinc
(c) Copper and nickel
(d) Iron and copper
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (a) Zinc and copper

Solution:Brass consists of about 68-71% Copper, and the rest is Zinc.

24. Brass is a combination of what metals? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2011, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]

(a) Copper and Nickel
(c) Copper and Zinc
(b) Copper and Tin
(d) Copper + Zinc and Nickel

Correct Answer: (c) Copper and Zinc

Solution:Brass consists of about 68-71% Copper, and the rest is Zinc.

25. Which pair of the following is of Copper alloys? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Brass and Invar
(b) Bronze and Nichrome
(c) Brass and Bronze
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) Brass and Bronze

Solution:Brass consists of about 68-71% Copper, and the rest is Zinc. Bronze consists of about 88% Copper and 12% Tin. German silver has almost 50% Copper. Gunmetal consists of about 85% Copper, 5% Tin, 5% Lead, 5% Zinc.

26. Check these statements: [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]

(i) Brass is an alloy of Copper and Zinc.
(ii) Magnetite is the main ore of Aluminium.
(iii) Amalgams are substances which mainly involve mercury.
(iv) Potassium Nitrate (KNO₃) is a chemical used in photography.

Which of the above are true?

(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i), (iii), and (iv)

Correct Answer: (b) (i) and (iii)

Solution:Brass is an alloy of Copper and Zinc.

Magnetite ( $F e_{3} O_{4}$ ) is an important ore of Iron. The main ore of Aluminium is Bauxite.

Amalgams are substances which mainly involve mercury. An amalgam is by definition an alloy where mercury is a key component.

Potassium nitrate (saltpeter) is used in fertilizers, gunpowder, and preserving food.

Statement (i) and (iii) are correct, but statement (ii) and (iv) are wrong because Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) is an ore of Iron, and Silver Bromide (AgBr) is used in photography.

27. Brass gets fade colour in air due to the presence of— [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

(a) Oxygen
(b) Hydrogen Sulphide
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Nitrogen

Correct Answer: (b) Hydrogen Sulphide

Solution:The fading or tarnishing of brass in air is primarily due to the formation of a thin layer of corrosion products on its surface. While oxygen plays a role in oxidation, the most common culprit for the dark, dull appearance is the reaction with sulfur-containing compounds in the air.

Hydrogen Sulphide: This gas, present in trace amounts in the atmosphere (from industrial pollution, decaying organic matter, etc.), reacts with copper in brass to form copper sulfide, which is dark brown or black and causes the tarnishing/fading. Hydrogen Sulphide is responsible for the fading of Brass.

28. Combination of which substance in the alloy renders stainless steel non-magnetic? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

(a) Carbon
(b) Chromium
(c) Nickel
(d) Molybdenum

Correct Answer: (c) Nickel

Solution:Stainless steel is an alloy of iron with chromium (for corrosion resistance). While many types of stainless steel are magnetic (e.g., ferritic and martensitic), some are non-magnetic. The key element added to make stainless steel non-magnetic and to enhance its corrosion resistance and ductility is Nickel. Adding sufficient nickel stabilizes the austenitic phase of steel, which is non-magnetic

29. To make the steel hard requires an increase in— [42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]

(a) The quantity of Carbon
(b) The quantity of Manganese
(c) The quantity of Silicon
(d) The quantity of Chromium

Correct Answer: (a) The quantity of Carbon

Solution:Steels are alloys of Iron and other elements, primarily Carbon, and are widely used in construction and other areas. Carbon mixed in Iron acts as a hardening agent which strengthens Iron by distorting its crystal lattice. This distortion results in hardening.

30. Steel slag can be the material for which of the following? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]

Construction of base road
Improvement of agricultural soil
Production of cement

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution:Steel slag is a byproduct of the steelmaking process. It is a molten material that solidifies into a stony material. Depending on its composition and processing, it can have various uses.

Construction of base road : Steel slag aggregates are widely used as a granular material in road construction, especially as a base or sub-base layer, due to their strength and stability.

Improvement of agricultural soil : Steel slag is rich in calcium, silicon, and other minerals, and its alkaline nature makes it suitable for neutralizing acidic soils, similar to lime. It can also provide micronutrients.

Production of cement : Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS), a type of slag from ironmaking (not steelmaking, but often confused or used in a broader sense of "industrial slag"), is a common supplementary cementitious material. Steel slag can also be used as a raw material or additive in cement production due to its lime and silica content.

From the above explanation, it is clear that all of the given statements are correct.

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Alloys

21. Which metal exists as a common component in Brass, Bronze, and German Silver? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]

22. Brass is an alloy of— [47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005, R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1997]

23. Which among the following are constituents of brass? [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2022]

24. Brass is a combination of what metals? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2011, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]

25. Which pair of the following is of Copper alloys? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

26. Check these statements: [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]

27. Brass gets fade colour in air due to the presence of— [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

28. Combination of which substance in the alloy renders stainless steel non-magnetic? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

29. To make the steel hard requires an increase in— [42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]

30. Steel slag can be the material for which of the following? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]

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