Aurangzeb

Aurangzeb's religious policy was characterised by his strong commitment to orthodox Sunni Islam and his attempts to enforce Islamic law and customs throughout the Mughal Empire.

• Islamic Orthodoxy: Aurangzeb was profoundly religious and sought to uphold what he considered a puritanical interpretation of Sunni Islam.

• He emphasised enforcing Islamic law and promoted religious scholars who supported his conservative views.
• He was known for his piety and observed strict religious practices.

• Imposition of Jizya: This tax was reinstated during his reign and was considered discriminatory against Hindus and other religious minorities.
• Persecution of Religious Leaders: He executed Guru Tegh Bahadur (the ninth Sikh Guru) when he refused to convert to Islam. This religious persecution contributed to the subsequent Sikh rebellion against Mughal rule

Aurangzeb's Deccan policy was to control the Hindu Maratha rulers and the Muslim rulers of Bijapur and Golconda. He tried to do this by cutting them off from each other. Aurangzeb imposed Sharia laws on Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslim sects that didn't conform to his views. He taxed non-Muslims, destroyed Hindu temples and idols, and forbade Hindu rituals. He removed Hindus from governmental positions.

Aurangzeb's Deccan policy was to control the Hindu Maratha rulers and the Muslim rulers of Bijapur and Golconda. He tried to do this by cutting them off from each other. Aurangzeb imposed Sharia laws on Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslim sects that didn't conform to his views. He taxed non-Muslims, destroyed Hindu temples and idols, and forbade Hindu rituals. He removed Hindus from governmental positions.

(i) These with income less than 200 Dirham pet annum, had to pay 12 Dirham per annum as tax.

(ii) These with income 200 to 10,000 Dirham per annum, had to pay 24 Dirham per annum as tax.

(iii) These with income more than 10,000 Dirham per anmum, had to pay 48 Dirham per annum as tax.

Women, slaves, children under 14 years, beggars and unemployed persons were exempted from it. The subordinate Hindu kings and Brahmins were compelled to pay this tax. About reviving Jaya, Europian traveller wrote that his motive was to increase his treasure but it seems to be partially true.