Bacterial Diseases (Diseases and Treatment)

Total Questions: 42

21. BCG vaccine is given in : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]

Correct Answer: (d) T.B.
Solution:

It is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) disease. The vaccine was developed by Calmette and Guerin and was first administered to human beings in 1921. It is the most widely administered vaccine and is usually a part of the routine newborn immunization schedule.

BCG vaccine also offers protection against non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections like leprosy and Buruli ulcer. It is often given to infants and small children. It is rarely given to anyone over the age of 16 because there is little evidence it works very well in adults.

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs.It is curable and preventable disease.

22. The BCG vaccine must be proculated to a newborn baby within – [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1991]

Correct Answer: (c) Just after the birth
Solution:

It is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) disease. The vaccine was developed by Calmette and Guerin and was first administered to human beings in 1921.

It is the most widely administered vaccine and is usually a part of the routine newborn immunization schedule. BCG vaccine also offers protection against non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections like leprosy and Buruli ulcer.

It is often given to infants and small children. It is rarely given to anyone over the age of 16 because there is little evidence it works very well in adults. Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs.It is curable and preventable disease.

23. From the following pairs, find the one which is correctly matched. [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2022]

Correct Answer: (d) Malaria-Chloroquine
Solution:BCG vaccine is given to prevent Tuberculosis. Chloroquine is used for the treatment of Malaria. Scurvy is a disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin C. Whereas thiamine is known as vitamin B₁, ATS (Tetanus Antitoxin) is used for prophylaxis and treatment of Tetanus.

24. The disease “Tetanus” is also known as: [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2008]

Correct Answer: (c) Lock jaw
Solution:Tetanus is a bacterial disease caused by the bacteria Clostridium tetani. When the tetanus bacteria invade the body through a wound, they produce a toxin or poison, that causes muscles to become tight, which is very painful.

Tetanus mainly affects the neck and abdomen. It is also known as “lock jaw” because it often causes a person’s neck and jaw muscles to lock, making it hard to open the mouth or swallow.

25. Which one of the following is not caused by infected mosquito bite? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]

Correct Answer: (a) Plague
Solution:

Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which primarily affects wild rodents. It is spread from one rodent to another by fleas.

Humans bitten by an infected flea usually develop a bubonic form of plague, which is characterized by a bubo i.e. a swelling of the lymph node draining the flea bite site.

If the bacteria reach the lungs, the patient develops pneumonic plague. If diagnosed early, bubonic plague can be successfully treated with antibiotics. But in case of pneumonic plague, patients can die within 24 hours after infection.

26. Match the following: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]

Here is the information from the image presented in a table format:

Mode of TransmissionDisease
A. By air1. Tetanus
B. By water2. T.B.
C. By contact3. Cholera
D. By wound4. Syphilis

Code:

ABCD
(a)1234
(b)2341
(c)3412
(d)4123
Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:The correctly matched lists are as follows:
  • By air - T.B.
  • By water - Cholera
  • By contact - Syphilis
  • By wound - Tetanus

27. Match the following: [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]

DiseaseCause
A. Plague1. Affects the intestines
B. Filariasis2. Spreads through flea-bites
C. Beri-beri3. Caused by mosquitoes
D. Typhoid4. Due to Vitamin 'B' deficiency

Code:

ABCD
(a)1134
(b)3412
(c)4123
(d)2341
Correct Answer: (d)
Solution:The correctly matched lists are as follows:
  • Plague - Spreads through flea-bites
  • Filaria - Caused by mosquitoes
  • Beri-beri - Caused by Vitamin ‘B’ deficiency
  • Typhoid - Affect the intestines

28. Tooth decay is mostly caused by interaction in the mouth between bacteria and food particles of - [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]

Correct Answer: (b) Carbohydrates
Solution:Tooth decay is a breakdown of teeth mostly caused by interaction in the mouth between bacteria and food particles of carbohydrates. There are four main criteria required for caries formation: a tooth surface (enamel or dentine), caries-causing bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates (such as sucrose) and time.

29. The reason of dental caries is – [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Bacterial infection
Solution:Tooth decay is a breakdown of teeth mostly caused by interaction in the mouth between bacteria and food particles of carbohydrates. There are four main criteria required for caries formation: a tooth surface (enamel or dentine), caries-causing bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates (such as sucrose) and time.

30. People drinking water from a shallow handpump, are likely to suffer from all of the following diseases except: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1996]

Correct Answer: (d) Fluorosis
Solution:People drinking water from a shallow handpump are likely to suffer from cholera, typhoid and jaundice because there is microorganisms like bacteria may enter into drinking water and cause diseases. Fluorosis which occurs due to excess of fluoride in water is a cosmetic condition that affects the teeth. It is caused by overexposure to fluoride.