Bacterial Diseases (Diseases and Treatment)

Total Questions: 42

41. Which one of the following is a Sulpha Drug? [U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]

Correct Answer: (c) Cibazole
Solution:Cibazole is a short-acting sulpha drug. It was used to be as a common oral and topical antimicrobial until less toxic alternatives were discovered. It is still occasionally used, sometimes in combination with sulfabenazamide and sulfacetamide.

Cibazole is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic micro-organisms. Although no longer used in humans, it is used in cattle. Penicillin and streptomycin are antibiotics, while Aspirin is antipyretic medicine.

42. Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2019]

  1. Genetic predisposition of some people
  2. Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases
  3. Using antibiotics in livestock farming
  4. Multiple chronic diseases in some people

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Solution:According to ‘Scoping Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in India’ released by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) in November 2017, main reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in microbial pathogens in India are-

(i) High consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics;
(ii) Injudicious use of antibiotic fixed-dose combinations;
(iii) Self-medication, access to antibiotics without prescription and taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases;
(iv) Cultural activities like mass bathing in rivers;
(v) Heavy use of antibiotics in livestock farming;
(vi) Pharmaceutical industry pollution;
(vii) Poor sanitation facilities and disposal of untreated sewage in water bodies;
(viii) Poor infection prevention practices in healthcare settings; etc.
Thus reasons given in statements 2 and 3 are correct.