Bhakti and Sufi Movement (Part-I)

Total Questions: 50

31. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]

List I	List II
A. Khwaja Muinuddin Chisti	1. Suhrawardiya
B. Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi	2. Qadiriya
C. Dara Shukoh	3. Chishtiya
D. Shaikh Shahabuddin	4. Naqshbandiya

Code :

	A	B	C	D
(a)	2	3	1	4
(b)	1	4	2	3
(c)	3	4	2	1
(d)	4	2	3	1

Correct Answer: (c)

Solution:The correctly matched list is as follows :

List I	List II
A. Khwaja Muinuddin Chisti	1. Chishtiya
B. Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi	2. Naqshbandiya
C. Dara Shukoh	3. Qadiriya
D. Shaikh Shahabuddin	4. Suhrawardiya

32. With reference to Sufism in Indian history, consider the following statements : [I.A.S. (Pre) 2002]

1. Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi was a contemporary of Ibrahim Lodi

2. Shaikh Nasiruddin Chirag-I-Dehlavi was a disciple of Shaikh Nizamuddin Auliya

3. Aurangzeb was a contemporary of Shaikh Salim Chishti

4. The Qadiri order of Sufis was first introduced in India by Shaikh Niamatullah and Makhdum Muhammad Jilani.

Which of these statements are correct ?

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 2 and 4

Correct Answer: (d) 2 and 4

Solution:Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi also known as Mujaddid Alif Sani, was a famous saint of Naqshbandi order. He was a contemporary of Akbar and Jahangir. He propounded a positive philosophy (Wahdat-ul-Shuhud) over the mystic philosophy of God (Wahdat-ul-Wajud). Shaikh Nasiruddin Chirag-i-Dehlavi was one of the chief disciples of Khwaja Nizamuddin Auliya. He preached the teachings of his Pir (teacher), but he could not be as generous as him. Akbar was a contemporary of Shaikh Salim Chishti. Shaikh Mohiuddin Abdul Qadir Jilani of Baghdad was the first founder of Qadiri order. He is counted among the great saints of Islam. Niamatullah and Makhdum Muhammad Jilani preached this order in India during the 15th century. Makhdum Jilani made Uchha his center for education. Thus, statement 2 and 4 is correct.

33. With reference to Hath Yog, which of the following statement is/are correct ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]

1. Hath Yog was practiced by Nathpanthis.

2. Hath Yog technique was also adopted by the Sufis.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

Codes :

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Solution:In India Hath Yog was practiced by Nathpanthis. The founder of Nathpanth Guru Matsyendranath and his desciple started the practice of Hath Yog. Later Sufis also adopted the practices of Hath Yog. Sufi saint Muhammad Ghaus mentioned practices of Hath Yog in his book 'Bahar-Al- Hayat'.

34. Under the following statements : [I.A.S. (Pre) 2019]

1. Saint Nimbarka was a contemporary of Akbar.

2. Saint Kabir was greatly influenced by Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution:Nimbarka, was a Hindu philosopher & commentator, known for propagating the Vaishnava doctrine of bhedabheda dvaitadvaita, duality in unity. There is considerable disagreement regarding the dates when Nimbarka lived & taught. Generally believed that he was in 11-12 century. Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi (1564-1624 A.D.) was born after Saint Kabir (1398-1518). So statement 2 in also wrong.

35. Who of the following saints were Sufi - [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998]

1. Rahim

2. Nizamuddin Auliya

3. Muinuddin Chishti

4. Raskhan

Choose your answer from the codes given below -

(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 2 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 3

Solution:Khwaja Nizamuddin and Muinuddin Chishti were the saints of Chishti order. Chishti order was first preached in India by Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti. He made Ajmer centre of his activities. Nizamuddin Auliya was also famous as Mehboob- i-llahi for his generous and tolerant attitude. He also adopted the practise of Yoga and was called 'Yogasiddha." Rahim and Raskhan were the poets of Hindi literature during the medieval Bhakti Period. 'Premvatika' is the famous book written by Raskhan.

36. Which of the following order of Sufism was against music : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2003, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Chishtiya
(b) Suhrawardiya
(c) Qadiriya
(d) Naqshbandiya

Correct Answer: (d) Naqshbandiya

Solution:Naqshbandi order was founded by Bahauddin Naqshband during the 14th century, Khwaja Kahwand was the important saint of this order who came to India and made Kashmir as the centre of his activities. The promotion of this sect was mainly started around the 17th century by Khwaja Baki Billah, who came to Kabul on orders of his master. Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi also known as Mujaddid the reformer of Islam) was his disciple. He propounded Wahdat-ul-Shuhud (positivist philosophy) which was against the order Sama (Music). It was the most radical order among Sufis. He also opposed the liberal policies of Akbar. Aurangzeb was the follower of this Sufi order.

37. The most orthodox Sufi order was - [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Chishti
(b) Suhrawardi
(c) Naqshbandi
(d) Qadiri

Correct Answer: (c) Naqshbandi

Solution:Baha-ud-Din Naqshband founded the Sufi Naqshbandi order in 14th century. This order was made popular in India by Babur. Insistence on rigid adherence to Shariat and nurturing love for Prophet was the essence of this order. According to Jharkhand Public Service Commission, option (b) is the correct answer.

38. From the given pairs identify the incorrect pair - [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]

(a) Chishti-Delhi and Doub
(b) Suhrawardi-Sindh
(c) Auliya-Madhya Pradesh
(d) Firdausi-Bihar

Correct Answer: (c) Auliya-Madhya Pradesh

Solution:The dominion of Chishti order existed in Delhi and surrounding areas while the area of Suhrawardi order existed in Sindh region. Firdausi order was a part of Chishti order whose dominion existed in the region of Bihar. Auliya is not any order, but a title given to "Nizamuddin' the famous Saint of Delhi. The dominion of Nizamuddin Auliya existed in Delhi. Thus, option (c) is incorrect.

39. Which of the following Sufis regarded Krishna among the auliyas : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2003, U.P.U.D.A/L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Shah Muhammad Ghaus
(b) Shah Abdul Aziz
(c) Shah Waliullah
(d) Khwaja Mir Dard

Correct Answer: (a) Shah Muhammad Ghaus

Solution:The Sufi saint Shah Muhammad Ghaus accepted Lord Krishna as Auliya. He was the most famous saint of Shattari order. He had a close relationship with Mughal emperor Humayun and Tansen. He expressed his spiritual quest in Jawahir-e-Khamsa". He translated 'Amritkund of Hatha yoga by the name of 'Bahar-ul-Hayat." Shattari Saints tried to bring about reconciliation between Muslims and Hindus by showing the equality in religious ideas and practices.

40. Shaikh Bahauddin Zakaria belonged to which seet ? [B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (a) Suhrawardi order

Solution:Shaikh Bahauddin Zakaria started Suhrawardi order in India. Shaikh Sadr-ud-din Arif, Shaikh Rakh-ud-din Abul Fateh and Shaikh Jalaluddin Surkh were associated with this Sufi sect.

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