Bhakti and Sufi Movement (Part-II)

Total Questions: 43

11. Ramanujacharya is related to - [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1991]

(a) Bhakti
(b) Dvaitvad
(c) Vishistadvaita
(d) Monotheism

Correct Answer: (c) Vishistadvaita

Solution:Ramanujacharya was the earliest propagator of the Bhakti Movement. The philosophy of Sri Ramanujacharya is known in Sanskrit as Vishistadvaita. This term literally means "non-duality of reality as characterized by attributes. The central idea of Vishistadvaita is this: "there exists an ultimate principle, an absolute being that is the source and substratum of all that exists."

12. "Shuddha Advaitvad" was propounded by - [U.P.U.D.A/L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Madhvacharya
(b) Vallabhacharya
(c) Shrikantacharya
(d) Ramanuja

Correct Answer: (b) Vallabhacharya

Solution:Shuddha Advaitvad is the "purely non-dual" philosophy propounded by Shri Vallabhacharya, the founder and guru of the Vallabha Sect. Vallabhacharya was the son of Telugu Brahmin Shri Lakshmana Bhatta of Somyaji clan, who is said to have developed the views of Vishnusvamin into Shuddha Advaita or pure non-dualism.

13. Where is the birthplace of "Mahaprabhu Vallabhacharya" ? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (d) Champaranya

Solution:Mahaprabhu Vallabhacharya was born in the forest named "Champaranya' (Vikram Samvat 1535). He was a devotional philosopher, who founded the Krishna-centred Pushti sect of Vaishnavism and the philosophy of Suddha Advaita.

14. Which one of the following is correctly matched ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]

(a) Advaitvad - Ramanujan
(b) Vishistadvaitvad - Shankaracharya
(c) Dvaitvad - Madhvacharya
(d) Dvaitadvaitvad - Vallabhacharya

Correct Answer: (c) Dvaitvad - Madhvacharya

Solution:The correctly matched list is as follows :

Advaitavada - Shankaracharya

Vishistadvaitvada - Ramanujacharya

Dvaitvada - Madhvacharya

Dvaitadvaitvada - Nimbarkacharya

15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists : [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2017]

List I	List II
A. Ballabhacharya	1. Dwaitvad
B. Ramanuj	2. Pushtimarg
C. Madhvacharya	3. Vishistadwait
D. Shankar	4. Adwaitvad

Code :

	A	B	C	D
(a)	1	3	4	2
(b)	2	4	1	3
(c)	2	3	1	4
(d)	4	1	3	2

Correct Answer: (c)

Solution:Correct match is as follow :

List I	List II
A. Ballabhacharya	1. Pushtimarg
B. Ramanuj	2. Vishistadwait
C. Madhvacharya	3. Dwaitvad
D. Shankar	4. Adwaitvad

16. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below the lists. [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

Philosopher	Philosophy
A. Ramanuja	1. Suddhadvait
B. Madhavacharya	2. Dvaitadvait
C. Nimbarka	3. Dvaita
D. Vallabhacharya	4. Vishishtadvaita

Code :

	A	B	C	D
(a)	3	1	4	2
(b)	4	3	2	1
(c)	2	4	1	3
(d)	1	2	3	4

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:Correct match is as follows

Philosopher	Philosophy
A. Ramanuja	1. Vishishtadvaita
B. Madhavacharya	2. Dvaita
C. Nimbarka	3. Dvaitadvait
D. Vallabhacharya	4. Suddhadvait

17. Consider the following statements : [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

1. 'Bijak' is a composition of the teachings of Saint Dadu Dayal.

2. The Philosophy of Pushti Marg was propounded by Madhvacharya.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution:Bijak is the best-known compilation of the compositions of Kabir and it is Holy Scripture for followers of the Kabirpanthi sects. Pushtimarg is a Vaishnava sect of Hinduism, founded by Vallabhacharya. He propounded Shuddha Advaita. Thus, both the statements are incorrect. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

18. Whe among the following was the first Bhakti Saint to use Hindi for the propagation of his message ? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Dadu
(b) Kabir
(c) Ramananda
(d) Tulsidas

Correct Answer: (c) Ramananda

Solution:Ramananda was born in 1299 A.D. at Prayag (Prayagraj) in an orthodox Kanyakubja Brahmin family. He got education in Prayag and Varanasi. Swami Ramananda changed the spiritual landscape of northern India. He propagated the worship of Rama and Sita among the masses.

19. Who among the following Saints of the medieval Age India was born in Prayag ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]

(a) Kumbhandas
(b) Ramanand
(c) Raidas
(d) Tulsidas

Correct Answer: (b) Ramanand

Solution:Ramananda was born in Prayagraj. He was the great saint of North India. Raidas was born in Varanasi. Tulsidas was born in Chitrakoot (Rajapur) and Kumbhandas in Mathura.

He was a 14th century Vaishnava devotional poet saint. Evidence also suggests that Ramananda was influenced by Nathpanthi ascetics of the Yoga school of Hindu philosophy. An early social reformer, Ramananda accepted disciples without discriminating anyone by gender, class, caste or religion. His disciples included- Kabir, Ravidas, Bhagat Pipa and others. His verse is mentioned in the Sikh scripture Adi Granth. Some of his works include- Gyan-lila and Yog-cintamani (Hindi), Vaishnava Mata Bhajabhaskara and Ramarcana paddhati (Sanskrit).

20. Kabir was disciple of - [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Chaitanya
(b) Ramananda
(c) Ramanuja
(d) Tukaram

Correct Answer: (b) Ramananda

Solution:Kabir was prominent among 12 disciples of Ramananda. He was born to a widow Brahmin near Varanasi and his upbringing was done by a weaver couple Neeru and Neema.

Sant Kabir Das, a 15th-century Indian mystic poet and saint, was born in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh to a Hindu family but was raised by a Muslim weaver couple.
He was a notable figure in the Bhakti movement, which emphasised devotion and love for the divine.
The Bhakti movement started in the 7th century in South India and spread to North India during the 14th and 15th centuries.
Popular poet-saints of the Bhakti movement, like Ramananda and Kabir Das, sang devotional songs in vernacular languages.
Kabir sought spiritual guidance from teachers such as Ramananda and Sheikh Taqi, shaping his unique philosophy.
Kabir is revered by both Hindus and Muslims, and his followers are known as "Kabir Panthis."
His popular literary works include Kabir Bijak (poems and verses), Kabir Parachai, Sakhi Granth, Adi Granth (Sikh), and Kabir Granthawali (Rajasthan).
His works, written in the Brajbhasha and Awadhi dialects, significantly influenced Indian literature and the development of the Hindi language.

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