Biology Miscellaneous (Part-II)

1. Barium in a suitable form is administered to patients before an X-ray examination of the stomach, because [I.A.S. (Pre) 1999]

(a) Barium allows X-ray to pass through the stomach on account of its transparency to X-rays.
(b) Barium compound like magnesium sulphate helps in cleaning the stomach before X-ray examination.
(c) Barium is a good absorber of X-rays and this helps the stomach to appear clearly in contrast with the other regions in the picture.
(d) Barium salts are white in colour and this helps the stomach to appear clearly in contrast with other regions in the picture.

Correct Answer: (c) Barium is a good absorber of X-rays and this helps the stomach to appear clearly in contrast with the other regions in the picture.

Solution:Barium is a good absorber of X-rays and this helps the stomach to appear clearly in contrast with the other regions in the picture. So it’s suitable form is administered to patients before an X-ray examination of the stomach. It is used to diagnose abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract, such as tumours, ulcers, etc.

2. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer with the help of code given below the lists : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2009]

List-I	List-II
A. EEG	1. Muscle
B. ECG	2. Eyes
C. EOG	3. Brain
D. EMG	4. Heart

	A	B	C	D
(a)	1	2	3	4
(b)	3	4	2	1
(c)	2	3	4	1
(d)	4	3	1	2

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:EEG - Electroencephalography is a process related to the brain in which the electrical activities of the brain are recorded.
ECG - Electrocardiography is the process of the recording of heart’s electrical activities.
EOG - Electrooculography is the technique of measuring the resting power of retina.
EMG - Electromyography is a test in which the veins of muscles are checked.

3. Brain diseases are diagnosed by: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]

(a) E.E.G.
(b) E.E.C.
(c) E.M.G.
(d) E.K.G.

Correct Answer: (a) E.E.G.

Solution:Many diseases of the human brain can be identified by Electroencephalography (EEG). Scientist Hunsberger had recorded the waves of brain by putting electrodes on it. These waves are explained as a graph which is called as EEG.

EEG records the brain's spontaneous electrical activity, not just specific events. Electrodes are placed on the scalp, and they detect the electrical charges generated by brain cells. These charges are amplified and displayed as a graph of brain waves.

EEG can help diagnose and monitor various conditions, including epilepsy, seizure disorders, comas, and brain damage. EEG results are displayed as a graph of brain waves, with different patterns indicating different types of brain activity. EEG can help identify the type of epilepsy a person has, determine the cause of seizures, and monitor brain activity during sleep or coma.

4. E.E.G. records the activity of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Pre) 2008]

(a) Heart
(b) Brain
(c) Ear
(d) Liver

Correct Answer: (b) Brain

Solution:Many diseases of the human brain can be identified by Electroencephalography (EEG). Scientist Hunsberger had recorded the waves of brain by putting electrodes on it. These waves are explained as a graph which is called as EEG.

EEG records the brain's spontaneous electrical activity, not just specific events. Electrodes are placed on the scalp, and they detect the electrical charges generated by brain cells. These charges are amplified and displayed as a graph of brain waves.

EEG can help diagnose and monitor various conditions, including epilepsy, seizure disorders, comas, and brain damage. EEG results are displayed as a graph of brain waves, with different patterns indicating different types of brain activity. EEG can help identify the type of epilepsy a person has, determine the cause of seizures, and monitor brain activity during sleep or coma.

5. E.E.G. is done to record the working of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]

(a) Heart
(b) Lungs
(c) Brain
(d) Kidney

Correct Answer: (c) Brain

Solution:Many diseases of the human brain can be identified by Electroencephalography (EEG). Scientist Hunsberger had recorded the waves of brain by putting electrodes on it. These waves are explained as a graph which is called as EEG.

EEG records the brain's spontaneous electrical activity, not just specific events. Electrodes are placed on the scalp, and they detect the electrical charges generated by brain cells. These charges are amplified and displayed as a graph of brain waves.

EEG can help diagnose and monitor various conditions, including epilepsy, seizure disorders, comas, and brain damage. EEG results are displayed as a graph of brain waves, with different patterns indicating different types of brain activity. EEG can help identify the type of epilepsy a person has, determine the cause of seizures, and monitor brain activity during sleep or coma.

6. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer with the help of code given below the lists: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]

List-I		List-II
A. Audiogram		1. Heart
B. E.C.G.		2. Brain
C. E.E.G.		3. Ear
D. Mammogram		4. Breast

Code	A	B	C	D
(a)	1	2	3	4
(b)	2	1	3	4
(c)	4	3	2	1
(d)	3	1	2	4

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Correct Answer: (d)

Solution:Correctly matched order are:

Term		Corresponding Part
Audiogram	-	Ear
E.C.G.	-	Heart
E.E.G.	-	Brain
Mammogram	-	Breast

7. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is based on the phenomenon of – [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2008]

(a) Nuclear magnetic resonance
(b) Electron spin resonance
(c) Electron paramagnetic resonance
(d) Diamagnetism of human tissues

Correct Answer: (a) Nuclear magnetic resonance

Solution:MRI is a non-invasive medical test that physicians use to diagnose and treat medical conditions. It uses a powerful magnetic field, radio frequency pulses, and a computer to produce detailed pictures of organs, soft tissues, bone and all other internal body structures visually. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance.

8. MRI is a diagnostic tool, which means – [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]

(a) Magnetic Resonance Index
(b) Magnetic Resolution Information
(c) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(d) All of the Above

Correct Answer: (c) Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Solution:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a test that uses magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to make pictures of organs and structures inside the body.

The Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity (MaRIA) score is a tool used in medical imaging, specifically MRI enterography, to assess disease activity in Crohn's disease. It helps determine the severity and location of inflammation in the bowel.

Magnetic Resonance Microscopy: This technique aims for even higher resolution, often in the micrometer range, allowing for the study of microscopic structures.

9. To diagnose the medical conditions, MRI technique is used. Which is not used in MRI? [66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2020]

Correct Answer: (e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Solution:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body. MRI scanners use strong magnetic fields, magnetic field gradients, and radio waves to generate images of the organs in the body. MRI technique does not involve use of ionizing radiation (Gamma rays, X-rays and the higher ultraviolet part of the electromagnetic spectrum), which distinguishes it from CT and PET scans.

10. What is MRI? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

(a) Magnetic Record of Intestines
(b) Magnetic Recording of investigations
(c) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(d) Magnetic Resonance in Intestines

Correct Answer: (c) Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Solution:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body. MRI scanners use strong magnetic fields, magnetic field gradients, and radio waves to generate images of the organs in the body. MRI technique does not involve use of ionizing radiation (Gamma rays, X-rays and the higher ultraviolet part of the electromagnetic spectrum), which distinguishes it from CT and PET scans.

Biology Miscellaneous (Part-II)

1. Barium in a suitable form is administered to patients before an X-ray examination of the stomach, because [I.A.S. (Pre) 1999]

2. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer with the help of code given below the lists : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2009]

3. Brain diseases are diagnosed by: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]

4. E.E.G. records the activity of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Pre) 2008]

5. E.E.G. is done to record the working of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]

6. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer with the help of code given below the lists: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]

7. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is based on the phenomenon of – [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2008]

8. MRI is a diagnostic tool, which means – [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]

9. To diagnose the medical conditions, MRI technique is used. Which is not used in MRI? [66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2020]

10. What is MRI? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

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