Biology Miscellaneous (Part-IV)

31. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]

List-I	List-II
A. Green Revolution	1. Oil Seeds
B. White Revolution	2. Food grains
C. Yellow Revolution	3. Fish and Aquaculture
D. Blue Revolution	4. Milk and milk products

Code	A	B	C	D
(a)	2	1	4	3
(b)	2	4	1	3
(c)	3	4	1	2
(d)	1	2	3	4

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:

The correctly matched order is :

Revolution	Associated Sector
Green Revolution	Food grains
White Revolution	Milk and milk products
Yellow Revolution	Oil seeds
Blue Revolution	Fish and Aquaculture

32. Which was the principal plant used in Green Revolution? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

(a) Japonica Rice
(b) Indian Rice
(c) Emmer Wheat
(d) Mexican Wheat

Correct Answer: (d) Mexican Wheat

Solution:The principal crop used in Green Revolution was Mexican wheat. This period, primarily in the 1960s, saw the introduction of high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of wheat and rice, particularly in countries like India. The new dwarf wheat varieties, developed in Mexico, provided significant gains in yield per hectare. These dwarf varieties, like Sonora 64 and Lerma Rojo 64, were introduced into India and other countries, leading to increased wheat production.

Norman Borlaug, a prominent figure in the Green Revolution, played a key role in developing these dwarf wheat varieties in Mexico. M. S. Swaminathan and his team recognized the potential of these varieties and, along with Borlaug, helped introduce them into India, where they had a significant impact on wheat production.

33. ‘Dapog’ method of rice nursery was developed in - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]

(a) China
(b) Indonesia
(d) Philippines
(c) Japan

Correct Answer: (d) Philippines

Solution:‘Dapog’ method of raising rice nursery was developed in Philippines. It has been introduced in India from Philippines. The main merit of this method is that less area is needed to raise seedlings. About 25 to 30 square metres of the area is enough to raise seedlings sufficient for planting one hectare.

34. First dwarf rice variety developed in India was - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]

(a) IR-8
(b) Jaya
(c) Padma
(d) Ratna

Correct Answer: (b) Jaya

Solution:The first dwarf variety of rice developed in India was Jaya. Jaya is classified as a semi-dwarf variety, meaning it has a shorter height compared to traditional rice varieties, which makes it more resistant to lodging (falling over) and allows for denser planting, leading to higher yields.

Jaya's high yield potential was a major factor in its success during the Green Revolution, contributing to increased rice production in India. Jaya was developed by Dr. Shastry under India's rice program by crossing Taichung Native-1 (from Taiwan) and T-141 (an Indian variety).

35. Insectivorous fish used for mosquito control is : [U.P.P.C.S (Pre) 2011]

(a) Hilsa
(b) Labeo
(c) Gambusia
(d) Mystus

Correct Answer: (c) Gambusia

Solution:Gambusia is the large genus of fish in family Poeciliidae (order Cyprinodontiformes). The release of Gambusia into ponds and wells helps in controlling the mosquitoes. Gambusia is known for controlling mosquito populations or mosquito-borne diseases. Gambusia fish is about 3-5 cm in length size, who eats the mosquitoes larva and eggs, which helps in controlling the mosquitoes diseases like dengue and malaria.

36. The release of which one of the following into ponds and wells helps in controlling the mosquitoes? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]

(a) Crab
(b) Dogfish
(c) Gambusia fish
(d) Snail

Correct Answer: (c) Gambusia fish

Solution:Gambusia is the large genus of fish in family Poeciliidae (order Cyprinodontiformes). The release of Gambusia into ponds and wells helps in controlling the mosquitoes. Gambusia is known for controlling mosquito populations or mosquito-borne diseases. Gambusia fish is about 3-5 cm in length size, who eats the mosquitoes larva and eggs, which helps in controlling the mosquitoes diseases like dengue and malaria.

37. Active acquired immunity is the result of the production of - [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1994]

(a) Antibodies
(b) Vaccine
(c) Serum
(d) Virus that can be executed

Correct Answer: (a) Antibodies

Solution:Active acquired immunity is the result of the production of antibodies. The antibodies, also called immunoglobulin, are protective proteins produced by the immune system which fight against the infection from pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. Antibodies are produced by specialized white blood cells called β-lymphocytes (or B cells).

38. Consider the following as objectives of the New Science and Technology Policy, 2003 and state which is/are correctly stated, with the help of codes given below : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

1. Optimal utilisation of existing physical and knowledge resources.

2. Development of innovative technologies.

3. Development of systems and technologies for mitigation and management of natural hazards.

4. Management of intellectual property.

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) All the four

Correct Answer: (d) All the four

Solution:Science and Technology Policy, 2003 was launched on January 3, 2003, for expanding new dimensions of innovation and preparation of futuristic perspective of science and technology, during 90th National Science Congress in Bengaluru. The policy includes optimal utilisation of existing physical and knowledge resources, development of innovative technologies, development of system and technologies for mitigation and management of natural hazards and management of intellectual property.

39. The first country to impose ban on the sale of tobacco and its products is: [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]

(a) Sri Lanka
(b) Norway
(c) Bhutan
(d) Myanmar

Correct Answer: (c) Bhutan

Solution:The first country to impose a ban on the sale of tobacco and its products is Bhutan in December, 2004. Tobacco is a plant, specifically Nicotiana tabacum, and is the source of many tobacco products like cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco. It's a major risk factor for various diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and lung disease. Nicotine, a highly addictive substance, is found in tobacco and is responsible for its addictive nature.

40. Which of the following planets may be suitable for existence of life? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

(a) Mars
(b) Mercury
(c) Venus
(d) Jupiter

Correct Answer: (a) Mars

Solution:In the given planets, Mars may be suitable for existence of life. The possibility of life on Mars is a subject of significant interest to astrobiology due to its proximity and similarities to Earth. The search for evidence of habitability and organic compounds on Mars is going on.