Biology (Part-2) (CDS-Solved Paper)

Total Questions: 50

31. Which one of the following vitamins has a role in blood clotting? [Morning Shift-2016 (I)]

Correct Answer: (d) Vitamin-K
Solution:

Vitamin-K is involved in the blood clotting phenomenon. It induces the production of certain protein molecules, which act as precursors for blood clotting enzymes. Vitamin-A is required for synthesis of visual pigments such as rhodopsin and iodopsin, essential for reproduction and have anticancerous property. Vitamin-D is synthesised in skin by UV rays of light. It is important for bone and teeth. Vitamin-B is a complex of many vitamins, soluble in water.

32. Glucose is a source of energy. Which one of the following types of molecule is glucose? [Morning Shift-2016 (I)]

Correct Answer: (a) Carbohydrate
Solution:

Carbohydrates are an energy containing plant products. These include monosaccharides like glucose molecules. Glucose is first used in respiration for release of energy. Glucose polymerise to form glycogen (energy reserve in animals), cellulose (structural component of cell wall), starch (energy reserve in plants). Proteins are building blocks of the body. They are essential for growth, repair and reproduction. Fat acts as reserve fuel of body. It produces 2.25 times more energy as compare to carbohydrates.

33. The living content of cell is called protoplasm. It is composed of [Morning Shift-2016 (I)]

Correct Answer: (d) cytoplasm, nucleoplasm and other organelles
Solution:

Protoplasm is the total living content of a cell that is surrounded by plasma membrane. It is composed of cytoplasm, nucleoplasm and other organelles.

34. Which one of the following hormones contains peptide chain? [Morning Shift-2016 (I)]

Correct Answer: (c) Insulin
Solution:

Insulin hormone is made up of two polypeptide chains. These are joined by disulphide bonds.

35. Penicillin inhibits synthesis of bacterial [Evening Shift-2015 (II)]

Correct Answer: (a) cell wall
Solution:

Penicillin is an antibiotic, which kills bacteria by inhibiting the synthesis of cell wall. Specifically the cross linking of bacterial cell wall mucosaccharide chains is prevented.

36. Most antibiotics target bacterial parasites interfering with various factors of growth or metabolism such as [Evening Shift-2015 (II)]

1. synthesis of cell wall.
2. bacterial protein synthesis.
3. synthesis of nuclear membrane.
4. mitochondria function.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3
Solution:

Most antibiotics kill bacterial parasites by inhibiting synthesis of cell wall, nuclear membrane and protein.

37. Which of the following is not gaseous air pollutant? [Evening Shift-2015 (II)]

Correct Answer: (d) Smoke
Solution:

The gaseous air pollutants are primary concern in urban areas include  sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and  carbon monoxide. These are emitted directly into the air from  fossil fuels, whereas, smoke is a collection of tiny solid, liquid and gas particles.

38. Genetic screening is [Evening Shift-2015 (II)]

Correct Answer: (a) analysis of DNA to check the presence of a particular gene in a person
Solution:

The genetic screening is meant to check particular gene (faulty gene) in a person by the analysis of DNA of a person.

39. Who among the following is considered as the ‘father of genetic engineering’? [Evening Shift-2015 (II)]

Correct Answer: (b) Paul Berg
Solution:

Paul Berg is considered as the ‘father of genetic engineering’. He developed the technique to join DNA segments of two different organisms in 1973.

40. Which of the following cause(s) for variation in the genetic material of progeny? [Evening Shift-2015 (II)]

1. Sexual reproduction
2. Asexual reproduction
3. Mutations
4. Epigenetic changes
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Correct Answer: (d) 1 and 3
Solution:

The causes for variation in the genetic material of progeny are both mutation and sexual reproduction. During sexual reproduction meiosis occurs in which crossing over takes place where exchange of chromosomal segments occurs and random mating of male and female gametes occurs.

That is why new variations generated during sexual reproduction. During asexual reproduction no meiosis and mating of gametes occurs so little changes may occur due to the mutation which occurs randomly and suddenly.

Epigenetic is the study of change in gene expression that does not involve change to the underlying DNA sequence. It is a change in phenotype with a change in genotype.