Biology (Part-II) (Railway)

Total Questions: 50

1. Testes are located outside the abdominal cavity in the: [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 29.08.2018 Shift-I]

(1) Urinary bladder
(2) Ovary
(3) Vagina
(4) Scrotum

Correct Answer: (4) Scrotum

Solution:The testes are two oval-shaped organs in the male reproductive system. They're contained in a sac of skin called the scrotum. The scrotum hangs outside the body in the front of the pelvic region near the upper thighs. Testes fulfil two key functions, the production of gametes (sperm) and the secretion of hormones, particularly the male hormone testosterone.

2. Reproducing new plants by cells instead of vegetative parts or seeds is called: [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 29.08.2018 Shift-I]

(1) tissue culture
(2) regeneration
(3) multiple fission
(4) binary fission

Correct Answer: (1) tissue culture

Solution:Tissue culture is the cultivation of a plant through the use of a cutting or other plant tissues. Plant tissue culture is widely used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation. Plant tissue culture relies on the fact that many plant cells have the ability to regenerate a whole plant (totipotency).

3. Complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats takes place in the: [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 29.08.2018 Shift-I]

(1) Oesophagus
(2) Stomach
(3) Small intestine
(4) Large Intestine

Correct Answer: (3) Small intestine

Solution:The complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats take place in small intestine. In small intestines, the intestinal juice contains a number of enzymes which complete the digestion process by converting complex carbohydrates into glucose, proteins into amino acids and fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true of Melosis? [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 29.08.2018 Shift-III]

(1) Meiosis takes place in two phases.
(2) As a consequence of Meiosis, the number of chromosomes is doubled in the resulting cells.
(3) During Meiosis, the genes of the parent cells are mixed in the resulting cells.
(4) Meiosis takes place in gonads for production of gametes.

Correct Answer: (2) As a consequence of Meiosis, the number of chromosomes is doubled in the resulting cells.

Solution:All cells arise from other cells through the process of cell division. Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells, This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction.

5. Which of the following enzymes is secreted by the pancreas? [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 29.08.2018 Shift-III]

(1) Maltase
(2) Lactase
(3) Trypsin
(4) Sucrase

Correct Answer: (3) Trypsin

Solution:Trypsin is an enzyme that acts to degrade protein; it is often referred to as a proteolytic enzyme, or proteinase. Trypsin is one of the three principal digestive proteinases, the other two being pepsin and chymotrypsin. It is produced in an inactive form by the pancreas.

6. Which of the following can reproduce by fragmentation? [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 29.08.2018 Shift-III]

(1) Yeast
(2) Planaria
(3) Hydra
(4) Spirogyra

Correct Answer: (4) Spirogyra

Solution:Spirogyra species can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Asexual, or vegetative, reproduction occurs by simple fragmentation of the filaments. Sexual reproduction occurs by a process known as conjugation, in which cells of two filaments lying side by side are joined by outgrowths called conjugation tubes.

7. A girl child has which of the following combinations of chromosomes in her cells? [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 30.08.2018 Shift-I]

(1) 44 autosomes + XX
(2) 22 autosomes + XX
(3) 44 autosomes + XY
(4) 22 autosomes + XY

Correct Answer: (1) 44 autosomes + XX

Solution:A regular human cell has 46 chromosomes: 44 autosomes, which come in pairs, and 2 sex chromosomes, which specify whether someone is male (usually XY) or female (usually XX). An embryo with the XX genotype is a female, while the XY genotype produces a male. So, a girl child has 44 autosomes and XX.

8. __________tissue changes the diameter of a blood vessel. [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 30.08.2018 Shift-I]

(1) Heart
(2) Muscle
(3) Epithelial
(4) Bone

Correct Answer: (2) Muscle

Solution:Elastic fiber and connective tissue containing vascular smooth muscle control the diameter of the blood vessel. They allow the blood vessel to expand and contract, controlling the amount of blood flow and blood pressure. By con trolling the blood vessel diameter, the body controls distribution of blood to areas where it is needed most, such as muscles during exercise.

9. In human beings, the respiratory pigment is: [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 30.08.2018 Shift-I]

(1) Chlorophyll
(2) Melanin
(3) Rhodopsin
(4) Haemoglobin

Correct Answer: (4) Haemoglobin

Solution:A respiratory pigment is any molecule that increases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood. In humans and most other vertebrates, the most common respiratory pigment is a protein called haemoglobin. Respiratory pigments also pick up carbon dioxide from our issues and bring it to our lungs, where we exhale it.

10. Which of the following characters is recessive in a pea plant? [RRB ALP & Technician Exam, 30.08.2018 Shift-I]

(1) Wrinkled seed
(2) Green pod
(3) Round pod
(4) Round seed

Correct Answer: (1) Wrinkled seed

Solution:There are two alleles of the gene that controls seed shape in a pea plant: Allele R produces round seeds; Allele r produces wrinkled seeds. Allele R is said to be dominant and allele r is said to be recessive. The round pea seed shape is the dominant characteristics and the wrinkled pea seed shape is the recessive characteristics.

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