Biology (Part-II) (UPSC)

Total Questions: 50

1. The normal temperature of human on Kelvin scale is: [1995]

(a) 280
(b) 290
(c) 300
(d) 310

Correct Answer: (d) 310

Solution:Normal body temperature of human is 37° C. But when we convert 37° C into Kelvin it becomes 310 K because 0° C = 0°C+273 273 K , 37°C = 37°+273 = 310 K

2. Which of the following elements are present in all proteins? [1995]

1. Carbon

2. Hydrogen

3. Oxygen

4. Nitrogen

Codes:

(a) 2 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Solution:Protein is a complex organic compound of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen. It is a long chain molecule composed of amino acids (R-CH(NH2) COOH) joined by peptide bonds.

3. Which one of the following hormones contains iodine? [1995]

(a) Thyroxine
(b) Testosterone
(c) Insulin
(d) Adrenaline

Correct Answer: (a) Thyroxine

Solution:Thyroxine hormone and tri-iodothyronine hormone are secreted by thyroid follicular cells of thyroid gland. The major component of thyroxine hormone is iodine. Deficiency of iodine causes goitre in human.

4. By Weaving threads of physics, chemistry and biology into a rich tapestry, this remarkable scientist provided a unifying molecular view of the world. He touted the wonderful properties of Vitamin C, first as a cure of common cold and later as preventing agent against cancer." One of science's major figures of all time referred to above is: [1995]

(a) G.N. Lewis
(b) Linus Carl Pauling
(c) Fritz London
(d) Walter Heitle

Correct Answer: (b) Linus Carl Pauling

Solution:Linus Carl Pauling is much known for his controversial thesis proposing that high dose of vitamin- C would help not only in prevention of common cold but also in prevention of cancer.

Linus Carl Pauling is the only person to have received two unshared Nobel prizes in 1954 for chemistry and in 1962 for peace.

5. "It begins as a single cell and grows into a merciless disease that claims millions of lives year after year. But scientists are steadily unlocking its mysteries and the fight against it, may now have reached a dramatic turning point. New discoveries promise better therapies and hope in the war against....". The disease referred to in the above quotation is: [1995]

(a) Cancer
(b) AIDS
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) Alzheimer's disease

Correct Answer: (a) Cancer

Solution:Cancer is a disease characterized by abnormal cell growth and later results to tumour when a tumour successfully spreads to other parts of the body and starts invading and destroying other healthy tissues. Cancers are classified as carcinomas, sarcomas and melanoma according to the tissues.

6. Of the four landmarks in medical history given below, which one was the first to take place? [1996]

(a) Organ transplant
(b) Bypass surgery
(c) Test tube baby
(d) Plastic surgery

Correct Answer: (d) Plastic surgery

Solution:Organ transplant : 1954, Bypass surgery : 1960 , Test tube baby : 1978 , Plastic surgery : 1827

7. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the disease which causes the death of the largest number of people today is : [1996]

(a) AIDS
(b) Tuberculosis
(c) Malaria
(d) Ebola

Correct Answer: (b) Tuberculosis

Solution:Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infection is caused by drinking infected milk, breathing in infected dust, droplet infection through having germs coughed in the face.

8. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the disease which causes the death of the largest number of people today is : [1996]

(a) AIDS
(b) Tuberculosis
(c) Malaria
(d) Ebola

Correct Answer: (b) Tuberculosis

Solution:Xerophthalmia is caused by vitamin A. Generally this disease is found in poorer section of the society. The symptom includes night blindness and eye irritation.

9. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below: [1996]

List-I	List-II
A. Vitamin	1. Pepsin
B. Enzyme	2. Carotene
C. Hormone	3. Keratin
D. Protein	4. Progesterone

Codes:

	A	B	C	D
(a)	1	2	3	4
(b)	2	1	4	3
(c)	2	1	3	4
(d)	1	2	4	3

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:Vitamin A group includes retinol. Their parent carotene is a vitamin substance as ẞ- carotene. Pepsin is an enzyme produced in stomach, which digest protein. Progesterone is a hormone, produced in human ovary. Keratin is a protein. The main component of hair and nail is keratin.

10. Which of the following are associated with Diabetes mellitus, a common disease in adults? [1996]

1. Higher sugar level in blood

2. Lower sugar level in blood

3. Lower insulin level in blood

4. Higher insulin level in blood

Select the correct answer by using the codes given below: