Biology (Part-II) (UPSC)

41. Lathyrism is caused by excessive consumption of : [1999]

(a) khesari dal
(b) mustard oil
(c) polished rice
(d) mushrooms

Correct Answer: (a) khesari dal

Solution:Lathyrism is caused by excessive consumption of khesari dal. Lathyrism gets its name from scientific name of khesari dal which is Lathyrus sativus. The symptom of the disease is paralysis of both the lower limbs.

42. Assertion (A): In human being, the females play a major role in determining the sex of the offspring. [2000]

Reason (R): Women have two 'X' chromosomes.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer: (d) A is false but R is true

Solution:Assertion is false. In human, sex determination of offspring depends on male because male sperm contains XY chromosome, whereas female has XX chromosome in their ovum.

43. At which stage in its life cycle, does the silk worm yield the fibre of commerce? [2000]

(a) Egg
(b) Larva
(d) Imago
(c) Pupa

Correct Answer: (c) Pupa

Solution:Silk worm yield the fibre from pupa stage, which is commercially used to produce clothes.

Silk worm is not really a worm, but the larval form of the silk moth. The famous "silk" that the insect produces is spun to make their cocoons. Each cocoon may contain a single strand of silk one mile long.

44. Match List-I(Disease) with List-II (Types of disease) and select the correct answer using the codes given below: [2000]

List-I	List-II
A. Haemophilia	1. Deficiency disease
B. Diabetes	2. Genetic disease
C. Rickets	3. Hormonal disorder
D. Ringworm	4. Fungal infection

Codes:

	A	B	C	D
(a)	2	3	4	1
(b)	2	3	1	4
(c)	3	2	1	4
(d)	3	2	4	1

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:Haemophilia - Genetic disease caused in sex-linked gene. Diabetes-Hormonal disorder disease caused by imbalance of insulin hormone. Rickets - Nutritional deficiency disease caused by deficiency of vitamin-D. Ringworm-Caused by fungus.

45. The blood glucose level is commonly expressed as: [2000]

(a) mm. of Hg
(b) milligram per decilitre
(c) parts per million
(d) gram per litre

Correct Answer: (b) milligram per decilitre

Solution:The glucose level in blood is commonly expressed as milligram per decilitre.

46. Match List-1 (Endocrine glands) with List-II (Hormones secreted) and select the correct answer using the codes given below: [2000]

List-I	List-II
A. Gonads	1. Insulin
B. Pituitary	2. Progesterone
C. Pancreas	3. Growth hormones
D. Adrenal	4. Cortisone

Codes:

	A	B	C	D
(a)	3	2	4	1
(b)	2	3	4	1
(c)	2	3	1	4
(d)	3	2	1	4

Correct Answer: (c)

Solution:Progesterone is secreted from gonads. Growth hormone is secreted from pituitary gland. Insulin hormone is secreted from pancreas. Cortisone is secreted from adrenal gland.

47. Thesensationoffatigue in the muscles after prolonged strenuous physical work is caused by : [2000]

(a) a decrease in the supply of oxygen
(b) minor wear and tear of muscle fibres
(c) the depletion of glucose
(d) the accumulation of lactic acid

Correct Answer: (d) the accumulation of lactic acid

Solution:Fatigue is caused by excess anaerobic metabolism, which results in production of excess lactic acid. This accumulated lactic acid causes the muscle pain.

Fatigue can be influenced by local muscle factors, the central nervous system, and general fitness.

48. A small pouch containing silica gel is often found in bottles of medicine in tablet or powder form because silica gel: [2000]

(a) kills bacteria
(b) kills germs and spores
(c) absorbs moisture
(d) absorbs all gases present inside the bottle

Correct Answer: (c) absorbs moisture

Solution:Silica gel granule is a network of inter-connecting microscopic pores, which attract and hold moisture by the phenomena known as absorption.

49. In the eye donation, which part of the eye is transplanted from the donor? [2001]

(a) Cornea
(b) Lens
(c) Retina
(d) The whole eye

Correct Answer: (a) Cornea

Solution:During eye donation, only cornea is transplanted from donor to receiver. It is transparent front part of the eye and contains no blood supply.

50. A man whose blood group is not known meets with a serious accident and needs blood transfusion immediately. Which one of the blood groups mentioned below and readily available in the hospital will be safe for transfusion? [2001]

(a) O, Rh
(b) O, Rh
(c) AB, Rh
(d) AB, Rh

Correct Answer: (a) O, Rh

Solution:There is no A and B antigen on RBC of "O- "blood group, So O, Rh-is known as universal blood donor.