Biology (Part-IX) (Railway)

Total Questions: 17

1. What kind of diet does an adolescent require to develop a healthy reproductive system? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Rich in proteins
(2) Low in saturated fats
(3) Nutritionally well-balanced
(4) Fortified with iron

Correct Answer: (3) Nutritionally well-balanced

Solution:Adolescents require nutritionally well-balanced diet for the development of healthy reproductive system.

• For ages 9 to 13, girls should consume about 1,400 to 2,200 calories per day, and boys should consume 1,600 to 2,600 calories per day.

• For ages 14 to 18, girls should consume about 1,800 to 2,400 calories per day, and boys should consume about 2,000 to 3,200 calories per day.

2. When Mendel crossed tall pea plants with short pea plants, the progeny was all plants. When he crossed plants bearing round seeds with plants bearing wrinkled seeds, the progeny was all round seeds. If he crossed tall plants bearing wrinkled seeds with short plants bearing roud seds, what would the progency plans look like? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-II)]

(3) Tall plants with round seeds
(1) Short plants with round seeds
(2) Short plants with wrinkled seeds
(4) Tall plants with wrinkled seeds

Correct Answer: (3) Tall plants with round seeds

Solution:The progeny of long plant with round seeds (TTRR) crossed with short plants with wrinkled seeds (ttrr) are all long plants with round seeds (TtRr).

• This is because tallness and round shape are both dominant traits while shortness and wrinkled shapes of seeds are recessive traits.

• So, if he crossed tall plants bearing wrinkled seeds with short plants bearing round seeds, the progeny will be tall plants with round seeds.

3. What was the main reason. behind Mendel's success in deriving the laws of inheritance? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) He selected the pea plant
(2) He studied only one character at a time in his crosses.
(3) He chose parents that were identical.
(4) He counted the individuals exhibiting a particular trait in each generation.

Correct Answer: (2) He studied only one character at a time in his crosses.

Solution:He studied only one character at a time in his crosses

• Mendel was successful to explain the laws of heredity because he chose pea plants that were pure.

• The main reason for the success of Mendel was that he took one character at one time 4 in his experiments of hybridization.

• He only chose those characters that were contrasting. carefully observed the results and analyzed them.

4. In plants, resins and gums are stored especially in____________. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) old cortex
(2) old xylem
(3) old pith
(4) old phloem

Correct Answer: (2) old xylem

Solution:Plants store waste in old leaves. When these leaves are shed, the waste is eliminated along with it.

• They also store waste in old xylem or bark which are actually dead cells. The waste from this is excreted in the form of gums and resins.

5. When we consider biodegradable substances, e see that the common property is that___________. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) they are not toxic
(2) they are all biological in origin
(3) they are all plant products
(4) they are all water-soluble

Correct Answer: (2) they are all biological in origin

Solution:Biodegradable materials are substances that can be decomposed or broken down by microorganisms and other living organisms.

• Biodegradable substances have biological origin and include organic wastes like left-over foodstuffs, kitchen waste like fruits and vegetable peels, etc.

• In contrast, Non-Biodegradable materials are substances that cannot be decomposed or broken down by microorgan isms and other living organisms rather leading to pollution.

6. Mining causes pollution because of the large amount of: [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) ore
(2) slag
(3) sludge
(4) slurry

Correct Answer: (2) slag

Solution:Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals from the earth usually from the placer deposits.

• It causes pollution because of the large amount of slag produced.

• Slag is the waste material that is left after the metal has been removed from the rock.

7. The respiratory pigment, haemoglobin is present in: [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) white blood corpuscles
(2) red blood corpuscles
(3) blood platelets
(4) blood plasma

Correct Answer: (2) red blood corpuscles

Solution:Haemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells (RBC).

• It carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and takes up the carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.

• Hemoglobin develops in cells of the bone marrow that on maturing become red blood cells (RBC).

8. Identify the FALSE statement in the context digestion. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) Assimilation comes befpre ingestion but after absorption
(2) Assimilation and absorption both occur before egestion.
(3) Digestion comes before egestion but after ingestion
(4) Absorption comes before assimilation but after digestion.

Correct Answer: (1) Assimilation comes befpre ingestion but after absorption

Solution:Assimilation comes before ingestion but after absorption' The processes involved in digestion are as follows:

• Ingestion: The process of taking in the food is called ingestion.

• Digestion: The process of breaking complex, food substances into simple molecules is called digestion.

• Absorption: The process of absorption of digested food is called absorption.

• Assimilation : The process of utilization of digested food; for energy and for growth and repair is called assimilation.

• Egestion: The process of re-moving undigested food from the body is called egestion.

9. Meristematic tissue cells lack___________. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-III)]

(1) cytoplasm
(2) vacuoles
(3) cell wall
(4) nucleus

Correct Answer: (2) vacuoles

Solution:Meristematic cells lack vacuoles that store food and waste product.

• Since meristems are young cells and are actively dividing. they do not participate actively in food preparation.

• Also, they do not produce a large amount of waste.

10. Which of the following vessels carries blood away from the heart to various organs of the body, except the lungs? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 11.10.2022 (Shift-III)]

(1) Pulmonary artery
(2) Pulmonary vein
(3) Vena cava
(4) Aorta

Correct Answer: (4) Aorta

Solution:The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the left side of the heart to different parts of the body.

• The pulmonary artery carries blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs to pick up a fresh supply of oxygen.

• The smaller branches of arteries are called arterioles and capillaries.

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