Biology (Part-VI) (Railway)

Total Questions: 50

1. Why are mitochondria considered as a 'weird' organelle? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Because they contain ribosomes and DNA
(2) Because they are the power-house of the cell
(3) Because they are the store of cellular contents
(4) Because they can digest microorganisms

Correct Answer: (1) Because they contain ribosomes and DNA

Solution:Mitochondria and chloroplasts are often referred to as strange organelles as they have their own DNA and ribosomes.

• This is due to their evolutionary origin as primitive prokaryotes. They eventually became a part of the eukaryotic cell.

• They can replicate independently and produce their own proteins.

2. In which different parts do the plants store their waste products? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Leaves, lysosomes and leucoplast
(2) Lysosomes, fruits and leucoplasts
(3) Vacuoles, bark and lysosomes
(4) Leaves, vacuoles and Old xylem

Correct Answer: (4) Leaves, vacuoles and Old xylem

Solution:In plants the waste products are stored in cellular vacuoles that are single membrane-bound structure.

• Some plants store waste material in the leaves which fall off, while some store it in old xylem in the form of resins and gums.

3. Where is the respiratory pigment in human body present? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) In white blood cells
(2) In red blood cells
(3) In blood plasma
(4) In both plasma and white blood cells

Correct Answer: (2) In red blood cells

Solution:The pigment that helps in carrying oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body is known as respiratory pigment.

• Haemoglobin is the iron-containing respiratory pigment in humans and is present in the red blood cells.

• The characteristic red color of red blood cells is due to the presence of haemoglobin.

4. The diagram below shows the different types of white blood cells. Identify the option with correct labelling. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) a-Neutrophil, b-Monocyte, c-Eosino phil Lymphocyte, d-Basophil, e-Lymphocyte
(2) a-Neutrophil, b-Basophil, c-Lymphocyte, d-Eosinophil, e-Monocyte
(3) a-Neutrophil, b-Eosinophil, c-Basophil, d-Lymphocyte, e-Monocyte
(4) a-Eosinophil, b-Neutrophil, c-Basophil, d-Monocyte, e-Lymphocyte

Correct Answer: (3) a-Neutrophil, b-Eosinophil, c-Basophil, d-Lymphocyte, e-Monocyte

Solution:neutrophil, b - eosinophil c- basophil, d - lymphocyte -monocyte

White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are immune cells that circulate in the blood and lymphatic system. The five types of white blood cells shown in the picture are as follows:

• Neutrophils - main action against bacterial and fungal infections.

• Eosinophils - main action against parasitic infections.

• Basophils - responsible for responses to allergens.

• Lymphocytes - main action against viral infections.

• Monocytes - main action against bacterial infections.

5. When is carbon dioxide produced as a waste product in plants? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) During photosynthesi
(2) During respiration
(3) During both respiration and photosynthesis
(4) During transpiration

Correct Answer: (2) During respiration

Solution:Plants produce carbon dioxide and water as respiratory waste products.

• In green plants, the carbon dioxide released during respiration gets utilised during photosynthesis.

• Oxygen is a by product product generated during photosynthesis and exits through stomata, root cell walls, and other routes.

6. Select the option which contains only biodegradable substances. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Batteries, peels of vegetables, stale bread, glass, metals
(2) Tetra pack, metals, leather, stale biscuits, fruits
(3) Glass, metals, egg shells, paper, tetra pack
(4) Egg shells, paper, stale biscuits, fruits, peels of vegetables

Correct Answer: (4) Egg shells, paper, stale biscuits, fruits, peels of vegetables

Solution:Biodegradable materials are substances that can be decomposed or broken down by microorganisms and other living organisms.

• Biodegradable substances have biological origin and include organic wastes like left-over foodstuffs, kitchen waste like fruits and vegetable peels. vegetables, egg shells, paper. etc.

7. Which of the following envi ronmental factors plays an important role in deciding the sex of a developing organism in some animals? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) Light
(2) Humidity
(3) Wind
(4) Temperature

Correct Answer: (4) Temperature

Solution:In most species, gender is determined during fertilisation.

• However, the sex of most turties, alligators, and crocodiles is determined after fertilisation.

• The temperature of the developing eggs is what decides whether the offspring will be male or female.

• This is called temperature-dependent sex determination.

8. In human males, the sex chromosomes present are XY, What is the difference between them? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) There is no difference in size.
(2) X-chromosome is bigger, whereas Y is smaller.
(3) Y-chromosome has more genes than x charomosome.
(4) Y-chromosome is bigger, whereas X is smaller.

Correct Answer: (2) X-chromosome is bigger, whereas Y is smaller.

Solution:X chromosome is five times larger than the Y chromosome.

• It contains about 900 genes, while the Y chromosome has about 55 genes.

• The Y chromosome is present in males, who have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes.

9. Aerenchyma cells are present in _________. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-II)]

(1) pea
(2) common water hyacinth
(3) neem
(4) cactus

Correct Answer: (2) common water hyacinth

Solution:In many aquatic plants, parenchyma cells have large air cavities to give buoyancy to the plant and enable them to float in water.

• Such, parenchyma cells are called as aerenchyma.

• Water hyacinth possess such cells, which enable them to float in water.

10. Cork is impermeable to water and gases because of __________ found within its cells. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 24.08.2022 (Shift-III)]

(1) Cutin
(2) Cellulose
(3) lignin
(4) suberin

Correct Answer: (4) suberin

Solution:The thin walls of the cork cells are saturated with a waxy substance called as suberin.

• It makes cork almost impervious to water and air.

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