Biology (Part-VI) (Railway)

Total Questions: 50

21. Which of the following stores starch, proteins and oil granules in a plant cell? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 25.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Leucoplast
(2) Chloroplast
(3) Protoplast
(4) Chromoplast

Correct Answer: (1) Leucoplast

Solution:Leucoplast is a colorless plastid that do not contain pigments. They are present in non-photosynthetic parts of plant like root, stem and in seeds.

• They function as reservoirs for starch, oil, and protein granules. They also function in synthesis of tannins and fatty acids.

22. __________reduce (s) the size of large fat globules, allowing enzymes to work more effectively. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 25.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Hydrochloric acid
(2) Pancreatic juice
(3) Bile salts
(4) Succus entericus

Correct Answer: (3) Bile salts

Solution:Although it does not contain any digestive enzymes, it plays an important role in the digestion of fats.

• Bile juice has bile salts such as sodium taurocholate and sodium glycocholate.

• These break down large fat globules into smalier globules and make the small intestine alkaline so that the lipase present in the pancreatic enzymes gets activated and can easily act on them.

23. In plants, the cells of meristematic tissue undergo a process where in they lose their ability to divide, take up a permanent shape and size and specialise to perform a specific function. What is this process known as ? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 25.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Regeneration
(2) Development
(3) Differentiation
(4) Proliferation

Correct Answer: (3) Differentiation

Solution:Meristematic cells have the ability to divide continuously and help in the growth of plants.

• After the growth is complete, cells formed by the division of meristematic cells lose their ability to divide and start to perform a specific function.

• Thus, they permanently acquire a specific shape, size, and function. This process is called differentiation.

24. The diagram of the human alimentary canal is given below. Select the option that shows the correct matching of column I with Column II. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 30.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

Column I	Column II
(a)	(i) villi absorb water from food
(b)	(ii) Length depends on food the organism eats
(c)	(iii) Helps in emulsification of fats
(d)	(iv) No digestion

(1) a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
(2) a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
(3) a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv
(4) a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-iv

Correct Answer: (2) a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii

Solution:

Column I	Column II
(a)	(i) No digestion
(b)	(ii) villi absorb water from food
(c)	(iii) Length depends on food the organism eats
(d)	(iv) Helps in emulsification of fats

25. Which option is correct regarding the movement of water and mineral ions in the root cells of a plant from the soil? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 30.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Ions and water are absorbed together
(2) lons moves in first by passive transport, followed by water by active transport
(3) Water moves in first by diffusion, followed by active transport of ions
(4) lons move in first by active transport, followed by water along the concentration gradient.

Correct Answer: (4) lons move in first by active transport, followed by water along the concentration gradient.

Solution:Active transport is a mode of transportation in plants, which uses stored energy to move the particles against the concentration gradient.

• In a plant cell, it takes place in the root cells by absorbing water and minerals.

• Active transport always leads to accumulation of molecules are ions towards one side of the membrane.

• This mode of transportation in plants is carried out by membrane proteins and transports the substance from the lower concentration to higher concentration.

26. Which of the following statements is NOT a myth? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 30.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Foods like chips and canned snacks are low in nutrition and should be avoided during adolescence/reproductive phase
(2) During mensturation, a girl should not be permit-ted to work in the kitchen.
(3) If a girl looks at boys while menstruating, she becomes pregnant.
(4) The mother is ultimately accountable for her child's sexual orientation.

Correct Answer: (1) Foods like chips and canned snacks are low in nutrition and should be avoided during adolescence/reproductive phase

Solution:Adolescents should avoid foods such as chips, canned snacks, soft drinks, and other aerated soda as they have low nutritional value.

Adolescence is the stage where there is rapid growth and development.

Thus, adolescent age requires a balanced diet where the meal comprises proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins and essential minerals in the correct proportion.

27. Some functions of lymph are given below. Select the option with the correct functions. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 30.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) Carries digested and absorbed fat from intestine

(b) Carries CO₂ to lungs

(d) Drains excess fluid from extracellular space back into blood

(1) a and b
(2) b and c
(3) a and d
(4) e and d

Correct Answer: (3) a and d

Solution:Carbon dioxide molecules are transported in the blood from body tissues to the lungs by one of three methods: dissolution directly into the blood, binding to hemoglobin, or carried as a bicarbonate ion.

• Lymph nodes filter the lymph as it passes through these nodes. They board lymphocytes which help in removing wastes and antigens.

• In case of infection, lymph nodes transport WBCs to blood.

28. Which of the following is NOT a part of the female reproduetive system? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 30.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Uterus
(2) Urethra
(3) Ovaries
(4) Fallopian tubes

Correct Answer: (2) Urethra

Solution:The urethra is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the urinary meatus for the removal of urine from the body of both females and males.

Uterus, Ovaries and Fallopian tubes is a Part of Female reproductive system.

29. Some of the advantages of transpiration to plants are mentioned below. Select the option that is a disadvantage. [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 30.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Provides water to leaf for photosynthesis
(2) Helps in transporting mineralions
(3) causes cooling of plants by evaporation
(4) can cause wilting of plants

Correct Answer: (4) can cause wilting of plants

Solution:Under normal conditions rate of transpiration is equal to the rate of water absorption because transpiration is the most important factor responsible for absorption of water from soil.

If there is excess water loss from plant during transpiration, than is available in soil. the leaf cells lose turgidity and leaves droop down. This is called as wilting of plant.

So, excessive transpiration results in wilting of the leaves.

30. What specialisations are found in germ cells of sexually reproducing animals with complex body designs? [RRB Group 'D' CBT Exam, 01.09.2022 (Shift-I)]

(1) Male germ cell - small with food store, female - large and motile
(2) Male germ cell - small and motile, Female - large with food store
(3) Male germ cell - large and motile, Female - small with food store
(4) Male germ cell - large with food store, Female - small and motile

Correct Answer: (2) Male germ cell - small and motile, Female - large with food store

Solution:As the body designs become more complex, the germ-cells alsospecialize.

• One germ-cell is large and contains the food-stores while the other is smaller and likely to be motile.

• Conventionally, the motile germ-cell is called the male gamete and the germ-cell containing the storedfood is called the female gamete.

•These two different types of gametes give rise todifferences in the male and female reproductive organs and, in some cases, differences in the bodies of the male and female organisms.

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