Biology (Part-VIII)

• In these reptiles, the temperature of the eggs during a certain period of development is the deciding factor in determining sex.

• Often, eggs incubated at low temperatures (22-27°C) produce one sex, whereas eggs incubated at higher temperatures (30°C and above) produce the other.

• The non-biodegradable substances get accumulated and remain in the ecosystem.

• They cause pollution, chokes the system of many animals, and kill them.

• At one end, the tube is closed, folded and expanded, into a double-walled, a cuplike structure called the Bowman's capsule or renal corpuscular capsule, which encloses a cluster of microscopic blood vessels called the glomerulus.

• This capsule and glomerulus together constitute the renal corpuscle.

• Given following nephran diagram

A ⇒ Branch of renal artery.

B ⇒ Glomerulus

C ⇒ Bowman's capsule

D ⇒ Branch of renal vein.

• The differences between X and Y chromosomes exist in two areas: the different chromosomes (i.e., different kinds and numbers of genes) and the different sperm structures and functions (1.e. different genetic expression).

• There is no difference in size or motility.

• Cartilage is a flexible tissue which is present in the windpipe or trachea.lt does not contain blood vessels or nerves.

• It helps the windpipe to move while breathing.

• They are typically formed due to the breakdown of the plant cellulose.

• These byproducts are accumulated in the vacuoles of the aging cell such as old xylem.

• In this step, enzymes split a molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.

• ATP (energy currency of the cell) is produced in this process which takes place in the cytosol of the cytoplasm.

• It is sometimes accompanied by sudden increase in respiration and ethylene production and the ovary transforms into a fruit.

• The petals, stamens, and style wither away.

• The calyx (sepals) may however persist in some fruits as brinjal and tomato.

• The respiration occurs through simple diffusion, in which oxygen gas dissolved in water or the surrounding environment diffuses into the cell via the cell membrane.

• This oxygen is used in the respiratory and metabolic processes.

• Red paper turns blue when the pH is alkaline, while blue paper turns red when the pH turns acidic.