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Biology : Taxonomy Part-III

📆 October 25, 2024

Total Questions: 40

31. Pungency in chillies is due to the presence of: [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (b) Capsaicin
Solution:Chillies are valued principally for their high pungency and color. Pungency in chillies is due to the active constituent 'capsaicin', an alkaloid which is extracted from chillies and is also used in medicine. The molecular formula of capsaicin is C₁₈H₂₇NO₃.

32. Red chillies are hot because these contain: [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2008]

Correct Answer: (b) Capsaicin
Solution:Red chillies are hot because they contain capsaicin. Its chemical formula is C₁₈H₂₇NO₃. Capsaicin is a naturally occurring compound found in chili peppers. It's a colorless, odorless oil-like substanceWhen you eat chili peppers, capsaicin interacts with pain receptors in your mouth and throat, triggering a sensation of heat.

33. The cause of sweet taste in fruits is: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (d) Fructose
Solution:Fructose is also known as fruit sugar. This type of sugar is mainly found in fruits. Fructose is a monosaccharide. Like other sugars, fructose provides four calories per gram. Fructose is also known as "fruit sugar" because it primarily occurs naturally in many fruits. It also occurs naturally in other plant foods such as honey, sugar beets, sugar cane and vegetables.

34. Which one of the following groups of organisms has significance in diagnosing the death by drowning? [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (d) Diatoms
Solution:Diatoms are useful in forensic studies. It has significance in diagnosing the death by drowning. Diatoms are photosynthetic algae and are found in almost every aquatic environment including fresh and marine waters, soils and almost at every humid place.

35. The mulberry fruit is: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

Correct Answer: (a) Sorosis
Solution:The mulberry fruit is also known as the sorosis. Sorosis is a multiple fleshy fruit that is derived from the ovaries of multiple flowers. The seeds are achenes, on the exterior of a fleshy fruit. Pineapple and Ficus are also examples of Sorosis fruit.

36. Which one of the following fibre is not a product of plant stem? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (d) Cotton
Solution:The fibres of sunn, hemp, and jute are obtained from the stem, while cotton is obtained from the fruit of the cotton plant called cotton balls. Cotton fibres are classified into two types, namely lint and fuzz respectively. Lint fibre is more important for the commercial purpose than fuzz fibre.

37. Which among the following is a man-made cereal? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]

Correct Answer: (c) Triticale
Solution:Triticale is the first man-made cereal crop. It has been obtained by crossing wheat (Triticum) with rye (Secale) in laboratories during the late 19th century in Scotland and Germany. Though the Triticale is a cross between wheat and rye, it is self-pollinating (similar to wheat) and cross-pollinating (like rye).

38. Which one of the following is a man-made cereal, not found in nature? [I.A.S. (Pre) 1998]

Correct Answer: (c) Triticale 
Solution:Triticale is the first man-made cereal crop. It has been obtained by crossing wheat (Triticum) with rye (Secale) in laboratories during the late 19th century in Scotland and Germany. Though the Triticale is a cross between wheat and rye, it is self-pollinating (similar to wheat) and cross-pollinating (like rye).

39. In nature, which of the following is/are most likely to be found surviving on a surface without soil? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2021]

  1. Fern
  2. Lichen
  3. Moss
  4. Mushroom
    Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 3 
Solution:Land without soil can support only very small primitive plants such as lichens and mosses that can cling onto a rock surface. Lichens are generally found on substrates like rock, tree bark, soil, peat, houses, tombstones, old farm equipment etc. They can grow on wood, glass, metal, plastic, and even cloth and have no need of roots. Mosses are non-vascular plants and don’t have true roots. They have a rhizoid multi-cell anchoring structure that is used to climb and grip over rocky surfaces. They thrive in moist and shady areas and do not need soil to survive. Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

40. Read the given statements — [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998]

Assertion (A): The root systems of desert plants are longer.
Reason (R): High temperature of soil encourages the growth of roots.
Referencing above, which one is the right answer?

Correct Answer: (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
Solution:Desert plants have the capability to complete their life-cycle even in a dry atmosphere. The root system of these plants becomes longer in search of water from the soil and their stems are small, adapted and underground sometimes. Plant varieties that have adapted by developing very long roots are collectively known as phreatophytes.
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