Buddhism

Total Questions: 138

71. Consider the following about the features of Buddhist philosophy. [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

(1) The speed of Buddhist philosophy is traced in the teachings of Gautama Buddha itself.

(2) Buddha always emphasised on leading a moral life for the emancipation of human sufferings rather than indulging into philosophical problems.

Which of the statement/s given above is/are correct?

(a) (1) only
(b) (2) only
(c) Both (1) and (2)
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) Both (1) and (2)

Solution:The seed of the Buddhist Philosophy is traced in the teachings of Gautam Buddha itself. Buddha always emphasised on leading a moral life for the emancipation of human sufferings rather than indulging into philosophical problems. But the later scholar of Buddhism developed a profound philosophy on the platform of the teachings of Gautam Buddha.

72. In ancient Indian Buddhist monasteries, a ceremony called Pavarana used to held. It was the : [U.P.S.C. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Occasion to elect the Sanghparinayaka and two speakers one on Dhamma and the other on Vinaya.
(b) Confession by monks of their offences committed during their stay in the monasteries during the rainy season.
(c) Ceremony of initiation of new person into the Buddhist Sangha in which the head is shaved and when yellow robes are offered.
(d) Gathering of Buddhist monks on the next day to the full-moon day of Ashadha when they take up a fixed abode for the next four months of rainy season.

Correct Answer: (b) Confession by monks of their offences committed during their stay in the monasteries during the rainy season.

Solution:During four months of the rainy season, the desciples of Buddha live in Buddha Mahavihar. During this season, they stop preaching their religion. After the rainy season, they again start preaching with a welcoming ceremony called Pavarana. In this ceremony, the monks, confess their offences and discuss future work plan.

73. Ashokaram monastery was situated at - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]

(a) Vaishali
(b) Pataliputra
(c) Kaushambi
(d) Shravasti

Correct Answer: (b) Pataliputra

Solution:According to the famous Buddhist text mahavansh, the Mauryan ruler Ashoka built Ashokaram Vihar in Pataliputra under the supervision of a named Indragupta.

74. Where is the highest in the world 'Viswa Shanti Stupa' located in Bihar - [48ᵗʰ to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]

(a) Vaishali
(b) Nalanda
(c) Rajgir
(d) Patna

Correct Answer: (c) Rajgir

Solution:The Vishwa Shanti Stupa or the World Peace Pagoda (height 400 metres) situated on the hills of Rajgir in Bihar is the highest Stupa in the world.

75. The Giant Buddha statue of 80 feet at Bodhgaya was constructed by - [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1993]

(a) Japanese
(b) People of Thailand (Thai)
(c) Srilankan
(d) Bhutanese

Correct Answer: (a) Japanese

Solution:The Giant Buddha Statue in Bodh Gaya, Bihar is 80 feet high. It is in meditation posture or posture or dhyana mudra where Buddha is seated on a lotus in the open air. It took seven years to complete and is made of sandstone blocks and red granite. This statue was built with the help of Daijokyo sect of Japan.

76. Where the word 'Stupa' has been used for the first time ? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

(a) Rigveda
(b) Jatak Katha
(c) Artha Shastra
(d) Astadhyayee
(e) None of these

Correct Answer: (a) Rigveda

Solution:The word stupa has been used for the first time in Rig Veda. In Rig Veda texts, stupa means "tree stem." Rigveda refers to a stupa raised by the king Varuna above the forest in a place having no foundation. Anything that is raised on the ground like heap/pile might have been known as Stupa.

77. The Stupa site which is not connected with any incident of Lord Buddha's life, is : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011, U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]

(a) Sarnath
(b) sanchi
(c) Bodhgaya
(d) Kusinara

Correct Answer: (b) sanchi

Solution:The Stupa at Bodhgaya is related to the enlightenment of Buddha. Sarnath is related to dharma Chakra Pravartana and Kushinagar or Kusinara is related to the death of Buddha while Sanchi Stupa is not related to any incident of Buddha's life.

78. With reference to ancient India, consider the following statements : [U.P.S.C. (Pre) 2023]

1. The concept of Stupa is Buddhist in origin.
2. Stupa was generally a repository of relics.
3. Stupa was a votive and commemorative structure in Buddhist tradition.
How many of the statement given above are correct ?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Correct Answer: (b) Only two

Solution:The concept of Stupa predates Buddhism. Word Stupa is mentioned in texts like Rig Veda, Atharva Veda, Vajasaneyi Samhita, Taittiriya Samhita etc. Hence statement 1 is not correct. Stupas were usually repositories in which the remains and ashes of the dead were kept. As a result of the deep faith of common people in worshipping God and things related to God for the purpose of attaining Salvation, the Stupa later on acquired its votive and commemorative structure.

79. Which is the correct chronological order of the following stupas ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]

(a) Bharhut, Sanchi, Amaravati, dhamekh
(b) Amaravati, Sanchi, Bharhut, Dhamekh
(c) Sanchi, Amaravati, Bharhut, Dhamekh
(d) Dhamekh, Bharhut, Amaravati, Sanchi
(e) None of the above

Correct Answer: (e) None of the above

Solution:Bharhut and Sanchi stupas were constructed during the reign of Mauryan emperor Ashoka. Some historical sources also consider that Dhamekh stupa was built during the reign of Ashoka. Amravati stupa was built during the period of Satvahanas. It is not possible to decide the chronological order of the construction of Bharhut, Sanchi and Dhamekh stupa. This question should be excluded from evaluation.

80. Anatmavada (no-self) is the doctrine of [Chhattisgarh P.S.C. (Pre) 2017]

(a) Sankhya
(b) Vedanta
(c) Buddhism
(d) Jainism
(e) None of these

Correct Answer: (c) Buddhism

Solution:Buddhism preaches Anatmavada which is clear from the principle of Pratityasamutpada of Gautama Buddha. Anatmavada means that there is no soul or atma. It is of the view that there is no permanent self, soul or essence in phenomena.

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