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Buddhism

📆 September 23, 2024

Total Questions: 138

81. "World is unstable and transient" is related to which of the following? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1992]

Correct Answer: (a) Buddhism
Solution:Impermanence also called as Anitya, is one of the essential doctrine and a part of three marks of existence in Buddhism. The Doctrine asserts that all of the conditioned existence, without exception, is transient, evanescent and inconstant. All temporal things, whether material or mental, are compounded objects in a continuous change of condition subject to decline and destruction.

82. Who among the following is known as the 'Light of Asia'? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]

Correct Answer: (a) Gautama Buddha
Solution:Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha, Gautama, Shakyamuni or simply the Buddha, was a sage on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. Buddha is also prominently known as the 'Light of Asia' or the Light Beam. Edwin Arnold wrote a book "the Light of Asia" based on the life of Buddha.

83. Who among the following is known as the "Light of Asia"? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]

Correct Answer: (b) Lord Buddha
Solution:Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha, Gautama, Shakyamuni or simply the Buddha, was a sage on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. Buddha is also prominently known as the 'Light of Asia' or the Light Beam. Edwin Arnold wrote a book "the Light of Asia" based on the life of Buddha.

84. Who advocated 'Neo-Buddhism'? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]

Correct Answer: (c) Ambedkar
Solution:Navayana/Neo-Buddhism means "new Vehicle" and refers to the re-interpretation of Buddhism by B.R. Ambedkar. Navayana rejects practices and precepts such as renouncing monk and monasticism, Karma, re-birth after life, samsara, meditation, enlightenment and four noble truths considered to be foundational in the Buddhist traditions. It revises the original Buddha teachings about class struggle and social equality.

85. Who has propounded the doctrine of momentariness? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (a) Buddha
Solution:The doctrine of Momentariness was propounded by the Buddha. It is one of the most important doctrines of Buddhism. Through this doctrine, the Buddha expounded the basic principle of impermanence.

86. With reference to the cultural history of India, which one of the following is the correct description of the term 'paramitas'? [U.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]

Correct Answer: (c) Perfections whose attainment led to the Bodhisattva path
Solution:'Paramitas' in Buddhist term is translated as perfection. Towards the path of becoming Buddh, the paramitas represent qualities that the bodhisathva strives to perfect in order to purify karma and kleshas and develop bodhichitta.

87. Sir Edwin Arnold book 'The Light of the Asia' is based on - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]

Correct Answer: (b) Lalitvistar
Solution:The 'Light of Asia' subtitled 'The Great Renunciation' is a book by Sir Edwin Arnold. The first edition of the book was published in July 1879. This book is based upon the contents of 'Lalit Vistara'.

88. What is the fundamental difference between Hinayana and Mahayana sects of Buddhism? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]

Correct Answer: (c) Worship of God and Goddess
Solution:The fundamental difference between Hinayana and Mahayana sects of Buddhism is regarding treating Buddha as God. Hinayana believes in Buddha as a great man, whereas Mahayana started worshipping Buddha through idols treating him as God.

89. Gautama Buddha was elevated to the position of God during the period of - [45ᵗʰ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]

Correct Answer: (b) Kanishka
Solution:The fourth council held during the reign of Kanishka divided Buddhism into two sects, namely Hinayana and Mahayana. In Mahayana, Gautam Buddha through idols. Hence, Gautama Buddha was elevated to the position of God during the period of Kanishka.

90. The first human statue worshipped in India were those of - [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (c) Buddha
Solution:In India, Gautam Buddha was worshipped first through idols by the Mahayana sect of Buddhism.
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