CAPF (AC) 2024 (Paper-1) (Questions 1-50)

• As the temperature of solid increases, the kinetic energy of its particles also increases due to more vigorous vibration or movement.
• The melting point is the minimum temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid under standard atmospheric pressure.
• Steam has more energy (specifically latent heat of vaporization) than liquid water at 100°C because additional energy is required to convert liquid water into steam at the same temperature.
• Deposition is the process where a gas changes directly into a solid without passing through the liquid phase.

• Cobalt -60 is the longest live isotope of Cobalt use to treat Cancer, inspection of material to reveal the internal structure, foreign object and sterilization of foods.
• Iodine-131 isotope of iodine helps in the treatment of goiter.
• Arsenic-74, an isotope of arsenic, is used for determining the presence of a tumor.
• Sodium-24 is used for the detection of blood clots.

Each carbon is also bonded to a hydrogen atom with a single bond.

• Silica (sand) is the primary component, typically making up 70-75% of the glass mixture.
• Sodium carbonate (soda ash) acts as a flux to lower the melting temperature of silica.
• Borax helps in reducing thermal expansion and improving chemical durability.
• Alumina increases the glass's strength and durability.
• Cullets are recycled glass pieces added to aid melting and improve quality. These ingredients, when heated to high temperatures and cooled rapidly, form the amorphous structure of glass.

Example: Melting ice cube, Photosynthesis Exothermic Reaction: A reaction in which heat is given out is known as an exothermic reaction.

Example: Water vapour loses energy in the form of heat when it condenses into a liquid, Reaction between acid and bases, Respiration and Combustion of the carbon.