Geography (CDS-Solved Paper)

The tank irrigation is more in the rocky plateau area of the country, where the rainfall is not even and highly seasonal and the rocks are impervious.

The Eastern Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and some parts of Andhra Pradesh have areas under tank irrigation. On the other hand, well irrigation is most common in alluvial plains of the country except the desert of Rajasthan.

Plains of UP, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are the states which are mostly under well irrigation. These areas have large ground water reserves. Thus, only statements 2 and 3 correctly explains this phenomenon.

A constellation is a group of stars usually in a recognisable shape or pattern. In 1922, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) formally accepted the modern list of 88 constellations.

Chambal river valley is under the influence of intensive gully erosion. Chambal forms ravines or badlands due to intensive gully erosion.

It occurs when water is channeled across unprotected land and washes away the soil along drainage lines. Chambal rises from Mhow district in Vindhya Ranges and it is a chief tributary of Yamuna river.

Temperate cyclones are cyclones of mid-latitudes and hence are primairly under influence of permanent winds of mid-latitudes, i.e Westerlies. Their movement is therefore Eastwards of their origin with average velocity of 32 km per hour in summers and 48 km per hour in winters.

Normally, tropical cyclones move from East to West under the influence of trade winds because trade winds are permanent winds of tropical latitudes. The general direction is therefore Westwards from their origin.

They advance with varying velocities. Weak cyclones move at the speed of about 32 km per hour while hurricanes attain the velocity of 180 km per hour or more. Hence, option (a) is correct.

The International Tropical Timber Organisation was established in 1986 with a objective to conserve and manage tropical forests resources. Its headquarter is located at Yokohama (Japan).

Humidity refers to the moisture content of the atmosphere at a particular time and place. It is measured in either relative terms (relative humidity) or absolute terms (absolute humidity). It is relative humidity which indicate the likelihood of precipitation.

Fog is a form of suspended water droplets caused by condensation. Fog can be considered a type of cloud at very low altitude. It reduces visibility and is a hazard.

Almost microscopically small drops of water condensed from and suspended in air is initial stage of cloud formation. When these droplets combine together, clouds are formed.

The Shompens are inhabitant of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Many more tribes live on this island such as the Great Andamanes, Onge, Jarawa and Sentinelese.

The smart city mission was launched by Government of India to develop smart cities in country. Silvassa and Kavaratti is included in the list of smart cities.

Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh) was also included as a special case in Smart City Mission in August, 2017. Shillong became 100th city, added to the smart city mission. Jorhat (Assam) is not included among the smart cities.

According to the Census of 2011 Mumbai is the most populated urban agglomerations followed by Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai. There are total 53 million plus cities in India as per Census of 2011. Least populated among them is Kota.