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CELL AND HEREDITY (BOTANY)

📆 November 7, 2024

Total Questions: 50

11. The suicidal bags of the cell are- [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 1.09.2016 (Shift-II)]

Correct Answer: (a) Lysosomes
Solution:Lysosomes, known as the suicidal bags of the cell, contain powerful hydrolytic enzymes. If their membrane ruptures, these enzymes digest cellular components, leading to autolysis or programmed cell death. This process is vital for development, tissue repair, and eliminating damaged or infected cells, highlighting their role in both cellular maintenance and controlled destruction.

12. Which of the following cell organelles is called the ‘suicidal Bag of the cell’? [S.S.C. Online C.P.O.S.I. (T-I) 5.07.2017 (Shift-II)]

Correct Answer: (d) Lysosomes
Solution:The lysosome is termed the ‘suicidal Bag of the cell’ due to its arsenal of digestive enzymes. Enclosed by a membrane, these enzymes, if released into the cytoplasm upon membrane rupture, can degrade cellular contents, leading to self-destruction. This controlled cellular breakdown is crucial for processes like apoptosis and defense against pathogens.

13. Which of the following is also known as suicidal bag of cells? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 15.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

Correct Answer: (a) Lysosomes
Solution:Lysosomes are known as suicidal bags due to their enzyme-rich interior. These enzymes break down macromolecules and recycle cellular components. However, membrane damage leads to enzyme release, digesting the cell itself. This self-destruction mechanism is important for normal cell turnover and eliminating threats.

14. Which of the following cell organelles is known as suicide bags? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 12.08.2019 (Shift-II)]

Correct Answer: (c) Lysosomes
Solution:Lysosomes are called suicide bags because they contain hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion. If their membrane breaks, these enzymes are released, digesting the cell's own components. This controlled self-destruction is vital in development and removing damaged or infected cells.

15. In animal cells, which of the following are the cell’s ‘garbage disposal’? [S.S.C. Online M.T.S. (T-I) 26.10.2021 (Shift-I)]

Correct Answer: (c) Lysosomes
Solution:In animal cells, lysosomes act as the ‘garbage disposal’. They contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials, worn-out organelles, and foreign invaders. This process of intracellular digestion is essential for cellular cleanliness and the recycling of valuable molecules.

16. Which cell organelle helps in keeping the cell clean by digesting any foreign matter and bad cell organelles? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 16.08.2019 (Shift-II)]

Correct Answer: (d) Lysosomes
Solution:Lysosomes are the membrane-bound ‘cell organelles’ found in the cell. These are also called ‘suicidal bags’ of the cell. These organelles are packed with digestive enzymes, which break down and destroy bad cells and other useless molecules.

17. Who among the following coined the term ‘protoplasm’ to define a cell’s fluid substance, the fundamental organisation unit of life? [S.S.C. JE Civil Exam 23.03.2021 (Shift-I)]

Correct Answer: (a) J.E. Purkinje
Solution:J.E. Purkinje coined the term ‘protoplasm’ to describe the jelly-like substance within cells. He recognized it as the fundamental living material and the essential organizational unit of life, marking an early and significant step in understanding the physical basis of biological processes at the cellular level.

18. Endoplasmic ______ (ER) is a large network of membrane-bound tubes and sheets. [S.S.C. JE Civil Exam 23.03.2021 (Shift-I)]

Correct Answer: (a) Reticulum
Solution:The endoplasmic reticulum is a large system of membrane-bound tubules and sheets. They appear as long tubules or round or rectangular sacs (vesicles); the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum is also similar to that of the plasma membrane.

19. Which of the following is considered the physical basis of life? [S.S.C. Online C.P.O.S.I. (T-I) 1.07.2017 (Shift-II)]

Correct Answer: (d) protoplasm
Solution:Protoplasm is considered to be the physical basis of life. It is an aqueous solution of many fine particles of different substances. It appears clear, colourless, and sticky when viewed under a microscope.

20. ______ include glycogen, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules, sulphur granules and gas vesicles. [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 20.08.2021 (Shift-I)]

Correct Answer: (c) Cytoplasm
Solution:Cytoplasm, the gel-like matrix within cells, contains various inclusions. These non-living components include storage materials like glycogen and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, as well as specialized structures like sulfur granules and gas vesicles, reflecting diverse cellular functions and adaptations.
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