Solution:Vitamin K is involved in the post-translational modification of several proteins, particularly those involved in the coagulation cascade. This modification allows these proteins to bind calcium ions, which is necessary for the formation of stable blood clots.A lack of vitamin K can lead to a deficiency in the production of these clotting factors, resulting in prolonged bleeding, bruising, and an increased risk of hemorrhage. Newborn infants, especially breastfed infants, are particularly vulnerable to vitamin K deficiency, as their bodies have limited stores of the vitamin and it may not be readily absorbed through breast milk.
Certain medications, like long-term use of antibiotics, can also interfere with vitamin K absorption and production, potentially leading to deficiency. While vitamin K is best known for its role in blood clotting, research also suggests that it may play a role in bone health and cardiovascular function.