Human Anatomy and Physiology : III. Vitamins And Nutrition Part-II

Total Questions: 50

21. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below the Lists : [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

Disease	Cause
A. Rickets	1. Vitamin D
B. Beri-beri	2. Vitamin B₁
C. Nyctalopia	3. Vitamin A
D. Scurvy	4. Vitamin C

	A	B	C	D
(a)	1	2	3	4
(b)	4	2	3	1
(c)	3	2	1	4
(d)	None of the above

Correct Answer: (a)

Solution:Rickets is caused by deficiency of vitamin D and Beri-beri is caused by deficiency of vitamin B₁. Nyctalopia or night blindness is caused due to deficiency of vitamin A and scurvy is caused due to deficiency of vitamin C.

22. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? [U.P. RO./A.RO. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Vitamin A - Night Blindness
(b) Vitamin B₃ - Pellagra
(c) Vitamin D - Color Blindness
(d) Folic acid - Anaemia

Correct Answer: (c) Vitamin D - Color Blindness

Solution:Color blindness is a sex-linked genetic disorder. It does not relate to vitamin D. The deficiency of vitamin D causes rickets and osteomalacia. The deficiency of vitamin A causes night blindness. Vitamin B₃ is also called niacin. Its deficiency causes pellagra. The deficiency of folic acid (vitamin B₉) causes anaemia.

23. Consider the following pairs : [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

Vitamin	Deficiency disease
1. Vitamin C	Scurvy
2. Vitamin D	Rickets
3. Vitamin E	Night blindness

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

Solution:Scurvy is a disease resulting from the deficiency of vitamin C. Rickets is a nutritional disorder that can develop due to deficiency of vitamin D while vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness. So, it is clear that only pairs 1 and 2 are correctly matched.

24. Riboflavin deficiency causes which of the following diseases? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(a) Pellagra
(b) Scurvy
(c) Beri Beri
(d) Cheilosis

Correct Answer: (b) Scurvy

Solution:The riboflavin (Vitamin B₂) deficiency (also known as ariboflavinosis) causes skin disorders, hyperemia (excess blood) and edema of the mouth and throat, angular stomatitis (lesions at the corners of the mouth), cheilosis (swollen, cracked lips), hair loss, reproductive problems, sore throat, itchy and red eyes, and degeneration of the liver and nervous system. People with riboflavin deficiency typically have deficiencies of other nutrients, so some of these signs and symptoms might reflect these other deficiencies.

25. Which one of the following vitamins and deficiency diseases is wrongly matched? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]

(a) Calciferol - Osteomalacia
(b) Niacin - Pellagra
(c) Cobalamin - Pernicious anaemia
(d) Riboflavin - Beri-beri

Correct Answer: (d) Riboflavin - Beri-beri

Solution:Beri-beri disease is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B₁ whose chemical name is Thiamin. Other options are correctly matched. Riboflavin is the chemical name of Vitamin B₂, which is responsible for stomatitis, cheilosis and malnutrition.

Deficiency of Vitamin D (Calciferol) leads to osteomalacia in adults and rickets in children, both of which are characterized by soft bones.

Deficiency of niacin causes pellagra, characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.

Deficiency of vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) causes pernicious anemia, an autoimmune condition that impairs the absorption of B12, leading to anemia.

26. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? [U.P. RO./A.RO. (Pre) 2017]

(a) Vitamin D - Rickets
(b) Vitamin C - Bleeding gums
(c) Vitamin A - Rheumatism
(d) Vitamin B₁ - Beriberi

Correct Answer: (c) Vitamin A - Rheumatism

Solution:Lack of vitamin A causes night blindness, not rheumatism. Other pairs are correctly matched.

Rickets is a disease in children caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, leading to softening of the bones.

Vitamin C deficiency can cause scurvy, which can lead to bleeding gums and other issues.

Beriberi is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, and can affect the nervous system and heart.

27. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below the lists : [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002, U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl.) (Pre) 1999]

List-I	List-II
A. Retinol	1. Pernicious anaemia
B. Tocopherol	2. Mental illness
C. Cyanocobalamin	3. Conjunctivitis
D. Pyridoxine	4. Sterility

Code	A	B	C	D
(a)	1	2	3	4
(b)	3	4	1	2
(c)	4	3	2	1
(d)	3	4	2	1

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:Retinol (vitamin A) - Conjunctivitis

Tocopherol (vitamin E) - Sterility

Cyanocobalamin(vitamin B12) - Pernicious anaemia

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6 ) - Mental illness

28. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched? [60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Retinol - Xerophthalmia
(b) Tocopherol - Beri-beri
(c) Cyanocobalamin - Anaemia
(d) Ergocalciferol - Rickets
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (b) Tocopherol - Beri-beri

Solution:Deficiency of retinol i.e. vitamin A, leads to Xerophthalmia. Lack of cyanocobalamin (vitamin B₁₂) causes pernicious anaemia and lack of vitamin D (Cholecalciferol 'D₃' and Ergocalciferol 'D₂') causes rickets in children. Beri-beri is caused by lack of vitamin 'B₁', i.e. thiamin not due to lack of tocopherol (vitamin 'E').

29. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

(a) Vitamin B₁₂ - antianaemic factor
(b) Vitamin C - antiscorbutic factor
(c) Vitamin D - antisterility factor
(d) Vitamin K - antihaemorrhagic factor

Correct Answer: (c) Vitamin D - antisterility factor

Solution:Vitamin E (Tocopherol) works as antisterility factor. Lack of vitamin D causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Pairs of other options are correctly matched.

30. Which among the following pairs is not correctly matched? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Pre) 2008]

(a) Thiamin - Beri-beri
(b) Vitamin D - Rickets
(c) Vitamin K - Sterility
(d) Niacin - Pellagra

Correct Answer: (c) Vitamin K - Sterility

Solution:Napthoquinone is the chemical name of vitamin K. It is known as anti-hemorrhagic factor. Its sources are green leaves, egg. liver & intestinal bacteria etc. Sterility is related with deficiency of vitamin E. Other pairs are correctly matched.

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