Chemistry Miscellaneous (Part-2)

Total Questions: 38

31. "The final Agent Orange raid in Vietnam took place in 1970 - areas have begun to bloom again. But 19 years after the end of the war, it seems plain that Agent Orange is killing and maiming human beings, something it never intended to do. The apparent toxic fallout from those clouds is a crop of human miseries including cancers, miscarriages, and birth defects that may persist for decades." The offensive substance referred to in this quotation is: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]

Correct Answer: (d) Dioxin used as defoliants
Solution:Agent Orange (or herbicide orange) is one of the herbicides and defoliants used by the U.S. military as part of its herbicidal warfare program, Operation Ranch Hand, during the Vietnam War from 1962 to 1971. Agent Orange, which contained the chemical dioxin, was the most commonly used and most effective herbicide. It later caused serious health issues such as tumors, birth defects, rashes, and cancer.

32. What is agent orange? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (b) A weed-killing chemical used by the US military in the Vietnam War
Solution:Agent Orange (or herbicide orange) is one of the herbicides and defoliants used by the U.S. military as part of its herbicidal warfare program, Operation Ranch Hand, during the Vietnam War from 1962 to 1971. Agent Orange, which contained the chemical dioxin, was the most commonly used and most effective herbicide. It later caused serious health issues such as tumors, birth defects, rashes, and cancer.

33. Which one of the following is incorrect? [U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010 ,U.P. Lower (Spl) (Pre) 2004]

Correct Answer: (b) The breaking apart of the nucleus of an atom is called fusion.
Solution:Nuclear fusion is an atomic reaction in which multiple atoms combine to create a single, more massive atom. Nuclear fission is a reaction in which a large nucleus breaks apart into smaller nuclei, releasing a great amount of energy.

34. In dry cell, which of the following are used as electrolytes? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2009]

Correct Answer: (a) Ammonium Chloride and Zinc Chloride
Solution:A dry cell is a type of electrochemical cell, commonly used in the form of a battery in many electrical appliances, torch, calculator etc. Unlike a wet cell, a dry cell can operate in many orientations without spilling as it contains no free liquid. A common dry cell is a zinc-carbon battery, sometimes it is called the dry Leclanche cell. Ammonium chloride is used as the electrolyte. Sometimes ammonium chloride is replaced by zinc chloride for having high energy voltage.

35. In dry cell, which of the following are used as electrolytes? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (a) Ammonium Chloride and Zinc Chloride
Solution:A dry cell is a type of electrochemical cell, commonly used in the form of a battery in many electrical appliances, torch, calculator etc. Unlike a wet cell, a dry cell can operate in many orientations without spilling as it contains no free liquid. A common dry cell is a zinc-carbon battery, sometimes it is called the dry Leclanche cell. Ammonium chloride is used as the electrolyte. Sometimes ammonium chloride is replaced by zinc chloride for having high energy voltage.

36. In a common dry cell, electrolyte is— [39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]

Correct Answer: (c) Ammonium Chloride
Solution:A dry cell is a type of electrochemical cell, commonly used in the form of a battery in many electrical appliances, torch, calculator etc. Unlike a wet cell, a dry cell can operate in many orientations without spilling as it contains no free liquid. A common dry cell is a zinc-carbon battery, sometimes it is called the dry Leclanche cell. Ammonium chloride is used as the electrolyte. Sometimes ammonium chloride is replaced by zinc chloride for having high energy voltage.

37. Assertion (A): A dry cell cannot be charged. Reason (R): Dry cell has a reversible reaction. [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]

Correct Answer: (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Solution:The matters in a dry cell are in dry form, with a zinc pot containing manganese dioxide, sal ammoniac, and carbon. This cell cannot be charged because the chemical reaction cannot be reversed.

38. The energy, found in dry cell is— [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1992]

Correct Answer: (c) Chemical
Solution:The best example of changing into electric energy from chemical energy is primary cells or batteries, the dry cell is also an example of this phenomenon.