Chemistry (Part-VIII)

Total Questions: 13

1. Which of the following happens during nuclear fusion? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 28.08.2016]

(a) Neutron bombardment breaks the heavy nucleus.
(b) A heavy nucleus spontaneously disintegrates.
(c) Two lighter nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus.
(d) A lighter nucleus spontaneously disintegrates.

Correct Answer: (c) Two lighter nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus.

Solution:Two lighter nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus. Nuclear fusion is a process where two or more atomic nuclei combine to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons orprotons). The difference in mass between the reactants and products is manifested as either the release or absorption of energy.

2. Which of the following reactions is the main cause of energy radiated from the Sun? [S.S.C. Online C.P.O.S.I. (T-I) 1.07.2017]

(a) Nuclear fission
(b) Nuclear merger
(c) Chemical reaction or
(d) Diffusion reaction

Correct Answer: (b) Nuclear merger

Solution:Nuclear merger - The energy radiated from the Sun is primarily produced by nuclear fusion reactions occurring in its core. In these reactions, lighter nuclei, mainly hydrogen isotopes, merge or fuse together to form heavier nuclei, like helium, releasing enormous amounts of energy in the process. "Nuclear merger" is another term for nuclear fusion.

3. Pierre Curie shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with his wife, Marie Curie, and Henri Becquerel for their discoveries related to: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 7.06.2019]

(a) Radioactivity
(b) X-rays
(c) Mirror images
(d) Thermodynamics

Correct Answer: (a) Radioactivity

Solution: Radioactivity - Pierre Curie, Marie Curie, and Henri Becquerel were jointly awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics for their groundbreaking research on radioactivity, a phenomenon first discovered by Becquerel.

4. Hydrogen bomb is based on which nuclear reaction? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 21.08.2019]

(a) Thermal nuclear fusion
(b) Heavy water reaction
(c) Thermal nuclear fission
(d) Rapid breeding reaction

Correct Answer: (a) Thermal nuclear fusion

Solution:Thermal nuclear fusion - A hydrogen bomb works based on the principle of uncontrolled thermal nuclear fusion. It uses the heat and radiation from a primary nuclear fission explosion to compress and heat isotopes of hydrogen (like deuterium and tritium) to temperatures where they fuse, releasing a much larger amount of energy.

5. Which of the following bases is found in window cleaner? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 08.07.2022]

(a) Magnesium hydroxide
(b) Ammonium hydroxide
(c) Sodium hydroxide
(d) Calcium hydroxide

Correct Answer: (b) Ammonium hydroxide

Solution: Ammonium hydroxide - Window cleaners commonly contain a dilute solution of ammonium hydroxide (

NH₄ OH

). Ammonia helps to cut through grease and grime and evaporates without leaving streaks.

6. Nuclear fusion reaction is based on which of the following equations? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 21.08.2019]

(a) E = mc²
(b) E = m²c
(c) C² = cm
(d) E² = mc

Correct Answer: (a) E = mc²

Solution:A nuclear fusion reaction is based on the mass-energy relationship (E = mc²). This formula was given by the famous physicist Albert Einstein.
In this, E denotes energy,
m → mass loss, and c → speed of light.

7. Which of the following pairs of compound name formula is correct? [S.S.C. Online CPO SI (T-I) 10.11.2022]

I. Hydrogen chloride - H₂CI

II. Hydrogen sulphide - HS₂

(a) Only II
(b) Neither I nor II
(c) Only I
(d) Both I and II

Correct Answer: (b) Neither I nor II

Solution:The correct compound name-formula pairs are:

I. Hydrogen chloride - HCI

II. Hydrogen sulphide - H₂S

Therefore, neither of the options given is correct.

8. Curie is a unit of - [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 4.09.2016]

(a) radioactivity
(b) the energy of gamma rays
(c) the intensity of gamma rays
(d) work function

Correct Answer: (a) radioactivity

Solution:

Radioactivity - Curie (Ci) is a unit used to measure radioactivity. It was originally defined based on the activity of 1 gram of radium-226.

9. Radioactivity is a property of which of the following? [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 13.09.2017]

(a) nucleus
(b) Proton
(c) electron
(d) Neutron

Correct Answer: (a) nucleus

Solution:Nucleus - Radioactivity is a phenomenon that originates from the unstable nucleus of an atom. Unstable nuclei undergo radioactive decay, emitting particles (alpha or beta) or electromagnetic radiation (gamma rays) to become more stable.

10. Chernobyl disaster is the result of pollution by ______. [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 29.08.2016]

(a) Oil spill
(b) Acid rain
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Radioactive waste

Correct Answer: (d) Radioactive waste

Solution:Radioactive waste - The Chernobyl disaster in 1986 was a catastrophic nuclear accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union). It resulted in a massive release of radioactive materials into the environment, causing widespread radioactive contamination.

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