Chemistry (Part-XI)

11. The transfer of minerals from top soil to subsoil through soil-water is called- [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 31.08.2016 (Shift-I) ]

(a) Percolation
(b) Conduction
(c) Leaching
(d) Transpiration

Correct Answer: (c) Leaching

Solution:Leaching is a natural process where water percolates through the soil, dissolving soluble minerals and organic matter from the upper layers (topsoil) and carrying them downwards to the lower layers (subsoil or even groundwater). This can lead to a depletion of nutrients in the topsoil but can also transport essential elements to deeper root zones.

12. What is the process of seepage of water into the ground called? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 16.09.2017 (Shift-III) ]

(a) Infiltration
(b) Filtration
(c) Seepage
(d) Soaking

Correct Answer: (a) Infiltration

Solution:Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It's a crucial part of the water cycle, replenishing groundwater and providing moisture for plants. Seepage is a general term for water slowly leaking, but in the context of water entering the ground, infiltration is the specific scientific term.

13. Calcium salts used as fertilizer is: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 31.08.2016 (Shift-III) ]

(a) Calcium Carbide
(b) Calcium Carbonate
(c) Calcium Cyanide
(d) Calcium Sulphate

Correct Answer: (d) Calcium Sulphate

Solution:Calcium sulphate, commonly known as gypsum, is widely used as a fertilizer and soil conditioner. It provides both calcium and sulfur, which are essential plant nutrients. Gypsum also helps to improve soil structure, reduce salinity, and enhance water penetration, especially in clayey soils.

14. Which gas is used in the food packaging to prevent chips from oxidising? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 16.08.2019 (Shift-III) ]

(a) Nitrogen
(b) Hydrogen
(c) Helium
(d) Carbon

Correct Answer: (a) Nitrogen

Solution:In the food packaging industry, the chips are filled with nitrogen gas by taking oxygen out of the packets to prevent them from oxidizing, as the nitrogen does not interact directly with the food item and thus the food remains preserved.

15. The common name of lead (II) Sulphide is _____ . [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 27.01.2017 (Shift-II) ]

(a) Borax
(b) Epsom salt
(c) Galena
(d) Brimstone

Correct Answer: (c) Galena

Solution:Galena is the natural mineral form of lead(II) sulfide (PbS). It is the most important ore of lead and a significant source of silver. It has a characteristic metallic luster and a cubic crystal structure.