Climate Monsoon

Total Questions: 41

1. The term 'Monsoon' is originated from: [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

(a) Arabic Language
(b) Spanish
(c) Hindi
(d) English

Correct Answer: (a) Arabic Language

Solution:The word 'Monsoon' has been derived from the Arabic word The word which means 'season'. Traditionally, monsoon is conceived as a seasonal reversal of winds because of which rainfall occurs in South and South East Asia.

2. Assertion(A): India is a Monsoonal Country. [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996, 1998, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998]

Reason (R) The high Himalayas impart it climatic distinctiveness.
Code:

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Solution:The climate of India is essentially monsoonal. Almost all the features of the monsoon climate are found in India. So, the assertion (A) is correct.
The lofty Himalayas in the north along with its extension acts as an effective climatic divide. The towering mountain chain provides an invincible shield to protect the sub- continent from the cold northern winds. The Himalayas also trap the monsoon winds, forcing them to shed their moistures within the subcontinent.
So, reason (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

3. Consider the map of India given below. The map read with index provided refers to the distribution of. [I.A.S. (Pre) 1994]

(a) Winter Rainfall
(b) Pressure
(c) Annual rainy days
(d) Mean Temperature

Correct Answer: (d) Mean Temperature

Solution:India is home to diverse climates. It hosts humid tropical to temperate zones. Thus, different geographical regions experience different temperature. The above map depicts annual mean temperature. Northern India is relatively warmer than the south. Similarly during winter northern area is colder than the southern area.

4. With reference to 'Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)' sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/are correct? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]

1. IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean.

2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an EI Nino's impact on the monsoon.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only

Solution:The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is also known as the 'Indian Nino'. IOD is an irregular oscillation of sea-surface temperature in which the western India ocean becomes alternately warmer and then colder than the eastern part of the Indian Ocean (not the tropical eastern Pacific ocean). So, statement 1 is wrong. An IOD phenomenon can influence an EI-Nino's impact on the monsoon. So, statement 2 is correct. Therefore option (b) is correct.

5. What are true in relation to jet stream? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre), 2022]

1. Jet stream blow across Asian Continent at latitudes North of Himalaya parallel to Tibetan highlands.

2. Tibetan highland divides jet stream into North and South Branches.

3. The northern branch of jet stream plays important role in winter weather in India.

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None of the above.

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2

Solution:During the winter a distinet pattern of air circulation is observed higher up in the atmosphere. Significanly westerly winds continue to affect western and central Asia extending approx of 9 to 13 km from west to east. At latitudes north of the Himalayas and almost parallel to the Tibetan highlands, there winds blow across the Asia continent. Thus the first statement is true.
Notably, these jet streams are obstructed by the hills of Tibet consequently, jet stream split in two. One of its branches flows north of the Tibetan highlands and the other, which originates south of the Himalayas, blows eastward before merging again to form a single stream over China, Hence statement 2 is correct.
Notably, the northern branch of jet stream does not play an important role in winter weather in India. So statement (3) is false.

6. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

Assertion (A) and the other as reason (R).
Assertion (A): Agra and Darjeeling are located on the same latitude but temperature of January in Agra
is 16º Centigrade whereas it is only 4º Centigrade in Darjeeling.
Reason (R): Temperature decreases with height and due to thin air, places in the mountains are cooler than places in the plains.
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code:

(a) (A) is true but (R) is false
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
(c) (A) is false but (R) is true
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Correct Answer: (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct

Solution:Under normal conditions, the temperature usually with an increase in altitude in the troposphere at a rate of 1 degree for every 165 meters. Significantly it is called the normal lapse rate. It is worth mentioning that latitudinal positions of Agra and Darjeeling are 27°17' and 27°2' respectively which is almost same. Significantly temperature of January in Agra is 16º centigrade where as it is only 4º centigrade in Darjeeling. So we can say that Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

7. Amritsar and Shimla are almost on the same latitude, but their climate difference is due to- [53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]

(a) The difference in their altitudes
(b) Their distance from sea
(c) Snowfall in Shimla
(d) Pollution in Amritsar

Correct Answer: (a) The difference in their altitudes

Solution:Amritsar (31°29'-32°03'N) and Shimla (30°45'-31°44'N) are almost on the same latitude but their climate difference is due to the difference in their altitudes. Amritsar is located at near about 756 feet and Shimla at near about 7866.10 feet above the mean sea level.

8. Which one of the following types of climate is found in Chhattisgarh state? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S.(Pre) 2011]

(a) Humid South-East
(b) Sub Humid transitional
(c) Sub Humid Littoral
(d) Sub Humid continental

Correct Answer: (a) Humid South-East

Solution:Humid South-East climate is found in the region of West Bengal, Chotanagpur, Odisha plain, southern Chhattisgarh and Northeast part of Andhra Pradesh. So, option (a) is the correct answer. Sub-humid transitional weather extends to central Gangetic plains (eastern U.P. and western Bihar). Sub humid littoral weather spreads on the Coromandel region and sub-humid continent weather spreads to upper Gangetic plains.

9. Which of the following regions is not affected much by the Arabian Sea branch of Monsoon? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) The Western Ghat
(b) Deccan Plateau
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Chhattisgarh Basin
(e) None of these

Correct Answer: (d) Chhattisgarh Basin

Solution:Chhattisgarh basin is not affected much by the Arabian sea branch of monsoon. Arabian sea branch monsoon further split into two branches after being obstructed by the Western Ghats. First branches moves parallel to Aravalli range causing scanty rainfall further mingles with the Bay of Bengal branch in North India. The second branch after being obstructed by Vindhya mountain causes rainfall in Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Western Chhattisgarh. Therefore, it is clear that the Chhattisgarh basin is not much affected by the Arabian sea branch of monsoon.

10. Which of the following places experience a humid climate? [U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl) (Pre) 2010]

1. Ahmedabad
2. Ludhiana
3. Kochi
4. Tejpur
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code:

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 2 and 4 only

Correct Answer: (d) 2 and 4 only

Solution:Kochi and Tejpur experience more humid climate due to heavy rainfall. In 2021, Kochi experiences rainfall up to 3931.9mm, Ahmedabad-598.8mm, Ludhiana-724.7mm and Tejpur 1402.7mm (Sonitpur). Compared to Ahmedabad and Ludhiana, Kochi and Tejpur experience more rainfall which makes their climate more humid.

12 3 4 5 Next »