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Comprehension Part- 3

📆 November 27, 2024

Total Questions: 50

41. Wetlands are amongst the most productive ecosystems on Earth and provide many important services to human society. the They exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant species, and soil and sediment characteristics. Globally, the areal extent of wetland ecosystems ranges from 917 million hectares (m ha) to more than 1275 m ha. One of the first widely tares Wetland classifications systems, devised by Cowardin et al. 1979, categorized wetlands into marine (coastal wetlands), estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps), lacustrine (lakes), riverine (along rivers and streams), and palustrine (marshes, swamps and bogs) based on their hydrological, ecological and geological characteristics. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands was an international treaty signed in 1971. Overall, 1052 sites in Europe; 289 sites in Asia; 359 sites in Africa; 175 sites in South America; 211 sites in North America; and 79 sites in Oceania region have been identified as Ramsar sites or wetlands of International importance. As per the Ramsar Convention definition most of the natural water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, coastal lagoons, mangroves, peat land, coral reefs) and man-made wetlands (such as ponds, farm ponds, irrigated fields, sacred groves, salt pans, reservoirs, gravel pits, sewage farms and canals) in India constitute the wetland ecosystem distributed in different geographical regions ranging from Himalayas to Deccan plateau. As of February, 2022, India has 49 Ramsar sites covering an area of 10,93,636 hectares, the highest in South Asia. As per the estimates, India has about 757.06 thousand wetlands with a total wetland area of 15.3 m ha, accounting for nearly 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country. Out of this, areas under inland wetlands accounts for 69%, coastal wetlands 27%, and other wetlands (smaller than 2.25 ha) 4%. Gujarat has the highest proportion (17.5%) and Mizoram has the lowest proportion (0.66%) of the area under wetlands. Among Union Territories, Lakshadweep has the highest proportion (around 96%) and Chandigarh has the least proportion (3%) of geographical area under wetlands. [SSC CGL Tier II (06/03/2023)]

Match the continents with the number of Ramsar sites.

Continents                                     Number of Ramsar sites

a. North America                                                     1. 1052 sites

b. Europe                                                                  2. 211 sites

c. Africa                                                                     3. 289 sites

d. Asia                                                                        4. 359 sites

Correct Answer: (a) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
Solution:It can be inferred from the passage that option (a) has all the correct matches.

42. Wetlands are amongst the most productive ecosystems on Earth and provide many important services to human society. the They exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant species, and soil and sediment characteristics. Globally, the areal extent of wetland ecosystems ranges from 917 million hectares (m ha) to more than 1275 m ha. One of the first widely tares Wetland classifications systems, devised by Cowardin et al. 1979, categorized wetlands into marine (coastal wetlands), estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps), lacustrine (lakes), riverine (along rivers and streams), and palustrine (marshes, swamps and bogs) based on their hydrological, ecological and geological characteristics. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands was an international treaty signed in 1971. Overall, 1052 sites in Europe; 289 sites in Asia; 359 sites in Africa; 175 sites in South America; 211 sites in North America; and 79 sites in Oceania region have been identified as Ramsar sites or wetlands of International importance. As per the Ramsar Convention definition most of the natural water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, coastal lagoons, mangroves, peat land, coral reefs) and man-made wetlands (such as ponds, farm ponds, irrigated fields, sacred groves, salt pans, reservoirs, gravel pits, sewage farms and canals) in India constitute the wetland ecosystem distributed in different geographical regions ranging from Himalayas to Deccan plateau. As of February, 2022, India has 49 Ramsar sites covering an area of 10,93,636 hectares, the highest in South Asia. As per the estimates, India has about 757.06 thousand wetlands with a total wetland area of 15.3 m ha, accounting for nearly 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country. Out of this, areas under inland wetlands accounts for 69%, coastal wetlands 27%, and other wetlands (smaller than 2.25 ha) 4%. Gujarat has the highest proportion (17.5%) and Mizoram has the lowest proportion (0.66%) of the area under wetlands. Among Union Territories, Lakshadweep has the highest proportion (around 96%) and Chandigarh has the least proportion (3%) of geographical area under wetlands. [SSC CGL Tier II (06/03/2023)]

In India, what kind of wetlands occupy the largest area?

Correct Answer: (c) inland wetlands
Solution:(Line/s form the passage Out of this, areas under inland wetlands accounts for 69%, coastal wetlands 27%, and other wetlands (smaller than 2.25 ha) 4%.)

43. Wetlands are amongst the most productive ecosystems on Earth and provide many important services to human society. the They exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant species, and soil and sediment characteristics. Globally, the areal extent of wetland ecosystems ranges from 917 million hectares (m ha) to more than 1275 m ha. One of the first widely tares Wetland classifications systems, devised by Cowardin et al. 1979, categorized wetlands into marine (coastal wetlands), estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps), lacustrine (lakes), riverine (along rivers and streams), and palustrine (marshes, swamps and bogs) based on their hydrological, ecological and geological characteristics. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands was an international treaty signed in 1971. Overall, 1052 sites in Europe; 289 sites in Asia; 359 sites in Africa; 175 sites in South America; 211 sites in North America; and 79 sites in Oceania region have been identified as Ramsar sites or wetlands of International importance. As per the Ramsar Convention definition most of the natural water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, coastal lagoons, mangroves, peat land, coral reefs) and man-made wetlands (such as ponds, farm ponds, irrigated fields, sacred groves, salt pans, reservoirs, gravel pits, sewage farms and canals) in India constitute the wetland ecosystem distributed in different geographical regions ranging from Himalayas to Deccan plateau. As of February, 2022, India has 49 Ramsar sites covering an area of 10,93,636 hectares, the highest in South Asia. As per the estimates, India has about 757.06 thousand wetlands with a total wetland area of 15.3 m ha, accounting for nearly 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country. Out of this, areas under inland wetlands accounts for 69%, coastal wetlands 27%, and other wetlands (smaller than 2.25 ha) 4%. Gujarat has the highest proportion (17.5%) and Mizoram has the lowest proportion (0.66%) of the area under wetlands. Among Union Territories, Lakshadweep has the highest proportion (around 96%) and Chandigarh has the least proportion (3%) of geographical area under wetlands. [SSC CGL Tier II (06/03/2023)]

Under which category of wetlands, are delta and mangrove swamps included?

Correct Answer: (b) estuarine
Solution:(Line/s form the passage 1979, categorized wetlands into marine (coastal wetlands), estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps)

44. Notwithstanding logistical challenges posed by COVID19 pandemic, India continues to expand its rice exports footprint in the African, diamond European Union markets, thus having the largest share in global rice trade. The robust global demand also helped India's growth in rice exports. In 2020-21, India's rice exports (Basmati and Non-Basmati) rose by a huge 87 per cent to 17.72 Million Tonne (MT) from 9.49 MT achieved in 2019-20. In terms of value realisation, India's rice exports rose by 38 per cent to USD 8815 million in 2020-21 from USD 6397 million reported in 2019-20. In terms of Rupees, India's rice export grew by 44 per cent to Rs 65298 crore in 2020-21 from Rs 45379 crore in the previous year. In the first seven months of the current financial year (2021-22), India's rice exports rose by more than 33 per cent to 11.79 MT from 8.91 MT achieved during April-October, 2020-21. It is anticipated that India's rice exports in 2021-22 would likely surpass the record feet of 17.72 MT achieved in 2020-21. In 2020-21, India shipped non-basmati rice to nine countries Timor-Leste, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Zimbabwe, Burundi, Eswatini, Myanmar and Nicaragua, where exports were carried out for the first time or earlier the shipment was smaller In volume. India's Non-Basmati rice exports was valued at USD 4796 million (Rs 35448crore) in 2020-21, with Basmati Rice exports a close second at USD 4018 million (Rs 29,849 crore). In terms of volume of Basmati rice exports in 2020-21, top ten countries - Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, United States of America, Kuwait, United Kingdom, Qatar and Oman have a share of close to 80 per cent in total shipments of aromatic long grained rice from India. Top ten countries Nepal, Benin, Bangladesh, Senegal, Togo, Cote D Ivoire, Guinea, Malaysia, Iraq, United Arab Emirates - have a share of 57 per cent in India's total exports of non-Basmati rice in 2020-21 in terms of volume. [SSC CGL Tier II (07/03/2023)]

What is the estimate of rice export in the year 2021-22?

Correct Answer: (c) It will exceed the 17.72 MT rice export achieved in 2020-21.
Solution:It will exceed the 17.72 MT rice export achieved in 2020-21. (Line/s from the passage It is anticipated that India's rice exports in 2021-22 would likely surpass the record feet of 17.72 MT achieved in 2020-21.)

45. Notwithstanding logistical challenges posed by COVID19 pandemic, India continues to expand its rice exports footprint in the African, diamond European Union markets, thus having the largest share in global rice trade. The robust global demand also helped India's growth in rice exports. In 2020-21, India's rice exports (Basmati and Non-Basmati) rose by a huge 87 per cent to 17.72 Million Tonne (MT) from 9.49 MT achieved in 2019-20. In terms of value realisation, India's rice exports rose by 38 per cent to USD 8815 million in 2020-21 from USD 6397 million reported in 2019-20. In terms of Rupees, India's rice export grew by 44 per cent to Rs 65298 crore in 2020-21 from Rs 45379 crore in the previous year. In the first seven months of the current financial year (2021-22), India's rice exports rose by more than 33 per cent to 11.79 MT from 8.91 MT achieved during April-October, 2020-21. It is anticipated that India's rice exports in 2021-22 would likely surpass the record feet of 17.72 MT achieved in 2020-21. In 2020-21, India shipped non-basmati rice to nine countries Timor-Leste, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Zimbabwe, Burundi, Eswatini, Myanmar and Nicaragua, where exports were carried out for the first time or earlier the shipment was smaller In volume. India's Non-Basmati rice exports was valued at USD 4796 million (Rs 35448crore) in 2020-21, with Basmati Rice exports a close second at USD 4018 million (Rs 29,849 crore). In terms of volume of Basmati rice exports in 2020-21, top ten countries - Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, United States of America, Kuwait, United Kingdom, Qatar and Oman have a share of close to 80 per cent in total shipments of aromatic long grained rice from India. Top ten countries Nepal, Benin, Bangladesh, Senegal, Togo, Cote D Ivoire, Guinea, Malaysia, Iraq, United Arab Emirates - have a share of 57 per cent in India's total exports of non-Basmati rice in 2020-21 in terms of volume. [SSC CGL Tier II (07/03/2023)]

Which of the following questions cannot be answered on the basis of the above passage?

Correct Answer: (a) How much Basmati rice was exported by India in 2020-21 ?
Solution:How much Basmati rice was exported by India in 2020-21?

It can be inferred from the passage that question in option a cannot be answered on the basis of the above passage.

46. Notwithstanding logistical challenges posed by COVID19 pandemic, India continues to expand its rice exports footprint in the African, diamond European Union markets, thus having the largest share in global rice trade. The robust global demand also helped India's growth in rice exports. In 2020-21, India's rice exports (Basmati and Non-Basmati) rose by a huge 87 per cent to 17.72 Million Tonne (MT) from 9.49 MT achieved in 2019-20. In terms of value realisation, India's rice exports rose by 38 per cent to USD 8815 million in 2020-21 from USD 6397 million reported in 2019-20. In terms of Rupees, India's rice export grew by 44 per cent to Rs 65298 crore in 2020-21 from Rs 45379 crore in the previous year. In the first seven months of the current financial year (2021-22), India's rice exports rose by more than 33 per cent to 11.79 MT from 8.91 MT achieved during April-October, 2020-21. It is anticipated that India's rice exports in 2021-22 would likely surpass the record feet of 17.72 MT achieved in 2020-21. In 2020-21, India shipped non-basmati rice to nine countries Timor-Leste, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Zimbabwe, Burundi, Eswatini, Myanmar and Nicaragua, where exports were carried out for the first time or earlier the shipment was smaller In volume. India's Non-Basmati rice exports was valued at USD 4796 million (Rs 35448crore) in 2020-21, with Basmati Rice exports a close second at USD 4018 million (Rs 29,849 crore). In terms of volume of Basmati rice exports in 2020-21, top ten countries - Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, United States of America, Kuwait, United Kingdom, Qatar and Oman have a share of close to 80 per cent in total shipments of aromatic long grained rice from India. Top ten countries Nepal, Benin, Bangladesh, Senegal, Togo, Cote D Ivoire, Guinea, Malaysia, Iraq, United Arab Emirates - have a share of 57 per cent in India's total exports of non-Basmati rice in 2020-21 in terms of volume. [SSC CGL Tier II (07/03/2023)]

Which of the following countries imported rice from India for the first time?

Correct Answer: (c) Brazil
Solution:(Line/s from the passage - timor-Leste, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Zimbabwe, Burundi, Eswatini, Myanmar and Nicaragua, where exports were carried out for the first time.)

47. Notwithstanding logistical challenges posed by COVID19 pandemic, India continues to expand its rice exports footprint in the African, diamond European Union markets, thus having the largest share in global rice trade. The robust global demand also helped India's growth in rice exports. In 2020-21, India's rice exports (Basmati and Non-Basmati) rose by a huge 87 per cent to 17.72 Million Tonne (MT) from 9.49 MT achieved in 2019-20. In terms of value realisation, India's rice exports rose by 38 per cent to USD 8815 million in 2020-21 from USD 6397 million reported in 2019-20. In terms of Rupees, India's rice export grew by 44 per cent to Rs 65298 crore in 2020-21 from Rs 45379 crore in the previous year. In the first seven months of the current financial year (2021-22), India's rice exports rose by more than 33 per cent to 11.79 MT from 8.91 MT achieved during April-October, 2020-21. It is anticipated that India's rice exports in 2021-22 would likely surpass the record feet of 17.72 MT achieved in 2020-21. In 2020-21, India shipped non-basmati rice to nine countries Timor-Leste, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Zimbabwe, Burundi, Eswatini, Myanmar and Nicaragua, where exports were carried out for the first time or earlier the shipment was smaller In volume. India's Non-Basmati rice exports was valued at USD 4796 million (Rs 35448crore) in 2020-21, with Basmati Rice exports a close second at USD 4018 million (Rs 29,849 crore). In terms of volume of Basmati rice exports in 2020-21, top ten countries - Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, United States of America, Kuwait, United Kingdom, Qatar and Oman have a share of close to 80 per cent in total shipments of aromatic long grained rice from India. Top ten countries Nepal, Benin, Bangladesh, Senegal, Togo, Cote D Ivoire, Guinea, Malaysia, Iraq, United Arab Emirates - have a share of 57 per cent in India's total exports of non-Basmati rice in 2020-21 in terms of volume. [SSC CGL Tier II (07/03/2023)]

Which of the following countries imports Basmati rice from India?

Correct Answer: (a) Malaysia
Solution:(Line/s from the passage In terms of volume of Basmati rice exports in 2020-21, top ten countries Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, United States of America, Kuwait, United Kingdom, Qatar and Oman.)

48. As the Sun inches closer to its peak activity in its solar cycle, an explosion has been picked up behind the north-eastern limb of the star in our solar system. Solar observatories saw bits and pieces of the explosion, which remain obscured in view from Earth's orbit. The explosion was spotted on 31 July at around 2309 UT and Earth-orbiting satellites registered a long-lasting C9.3-class solar flare. "The intensity is probably an underestimate because it was partially eclipsed by the edge of the sun. Nasa's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) saw hot debris flying away from the blast site," space weather, which tracks the solar activity, reported. While the explosion was powerful, experts have predicted that Earth is not in the line of fire from the Sun. Scientists are expected to get a view of the active region later this week as it comes to sight. Earth is not in the line of fire. The explosion is significant because it may herald an active region set to emerge over the sun's north-eastern limb later this week. A new sunspot group could bring an end to weeks of relative quiet," space weather said in its report. [SSC CGL Tier II (07/03/2023)]

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word from the passage. Partially

Correct Answer: (b) Partly
Solution:Partly completely something to some degree, but not

Partially - something not completely

Completely - in every way or as much as possible Frankly - in an honest, sincere, and truthful way

49. the star in our solar system. Solar observatories saw bits and pieces of the explosion, which remain obscured in view from Earth's orbit. The explosion was spotted on 31 July at around 2309 UT and Earth-orbiting satellites registered a long-lasting C9.3-class solar flare. "The intensity is probably an underestimate because it was partially eclipsed by the edge of the sun. Nasa's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) saw hot debris flying away from the blast site," space weather, which tracks the solar activity, reported. While the explosion was powerful, experts have predicted that Earth is not in the line of fire from the Sun. Scientists are expected to get a view of the active region later this week as it comes to sight. Earth is not in the line of fire. The explosion is significant because it may herald an active region set to emerge over the sun's north-eastern limb later this week. A new sunspot group could bring an end to weeks of relative quiet," space weather said in its report. [SSC CGL Tier II (07/03/2023)]

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word from the passage. Debris

Correct Answer: (a) Detritus
Solution:Detritus natural waste material that is left after something has been used or broken up

Debris - pieces from something that has been destroyed

Rays - any of a set of straight lines passing through one point.

Specks - a very small mark, piece, or amount

Liquid - a substance, for example water, that is not solid or a gas

50. the star in our solar system. Solar observatories saw bits and pieces of the explosion, which remain obscured in view from Earth's orbit. The explosion was spotted on 31 July at around 2309 UT and Earth-orbiting satellites registered a long-lasting C9.3-class solar flare. "The intensity is probably an underestimate because it was partially eclipsed by the edge of the sun. Nasa's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) saw hot debris flying away from the blast site," space weather, which tracks the solar activity, reported. While the explosion was powerful, experts have predicted that Earth is not in the line of fire from the Sun. Scientists are expected to get a view of the active region later this week as it comes to sight. Earth is not in the line of fire. The explosion is significant because it may herald an active region set to emerge over the sun's north-eastern limb later this week. A new sunspot group could bring an end to weeks of relative quiet," space weather said in its report. [SSC CGL Tier II (07/03/2023)]

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word from the passage. Spotted

Correct Answer: (a) Witnessed
Solution:Witnessed- to see something happen and be able to tell other people about it later

Spotted - covered with round shapes of a different colour

Speckled - covered or marked with a large number of small spots

Splotchy - marked with irregularly shaped spots or blots

Placed - to put something in a particular position or situation

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