Computer and Information Technology (Physics) Part-III

A computer virus is a destructive software program or piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. Viruses can also replicate themselves.

All computer viruses are man-made. A simple virus that can make a copy of itself over and over again is relatively easy to produce.

Viruses, Worms, Trojans and Bots are all part of a class of software called malware. A program that has the capability to infect other programs and make copies of it and spread into other programs is called a virus.

Firewall is a system designed to prevent an unauthorized private network to be created. Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware and software or a combination of both. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorized internet users from accessing private networks connected to the internet.

All messages entering or leaving the internet pass through the firewall which examines each message and blocks those that do not meet the specified security criteria.

A firewall is a network security device that monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic and decides whether to allow or block specific traffic based on a defined set of security rules. It prevents unauthorized access to a network.

Michael Angelo was one of the first virus which was designed to infect MS-Dos on 6ᵗʰ March 1992. It was found in Australia in 1991 for the first time.

Stuxnet is a computer worm that targets industrial control systems which are used to monitor and control large-scale industrial facilities like power plants, dams, waste processing systems and similar operations.

Stuxnet worm was detected in the computers of Bushehr nuclear power plant Iran. This worm is really very deadly for the plants that are controlled by computers.

The WannaCry and Petya are two of the biggest cyberattacks in history and impacted the finances of many companies throughout the globe. In May, 2017 ransomware virus WannaCry expanded quickly over the various computer networks.

In 2016, a group of encrypting ransomware Petya was detected by cybersecurity experts, EternalBlue is a cyberattack exploit which was used as part of the worldwide WannaCry ransomware attack.

Israel's NSO Group has developed Pegasus spyware, the world's most invasive spyware. It can find a route into a target's device that is unknown to the developer of the device and its software, and without requiring the target to take any action such as clicking a link.

Microsoft Disk Operating System MS-DOS is a non-graphical command line operating system derived from 86-DOS that was created for IBM compatible computers.

MS-DOS originally written by Tim Paterson and introduced by Microsoft in August 1981 and was last updated in 1994 when MS-DOS 6.22 was released.

Microsoft Windows is an operating system and a series of graphical user interface developed by Microsoft. Windows 3 was released in 1990 by Microsoft. The most recent Windows released by Microsoft is Windows 11 released in October, 2021.