Constitution Amendment (Indian Polity and Governance) Part-I

Total Questions: 50

41. The authoritative text of the Indian Constitution in Hindi was authorized to be published by which of the following constitutional amendments? [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (b) 58th Amendment, 1987
Solution:Originally, the Constitution of India did not make any provision with respect to an authoritative text of the Constitution in the Hindi language. Later, a provision in this regard was made by the 58th Constitutional Amendment Act of 19871. This amendment inserted a new Article 394-A in the last part of the Constitution i.e., Part XXII. This article contains the following provisions:
  • The President shall cause to be published under his authority:
  • The translation of the Constitution in Hindi language. The modifications which are necessary to bring it in conformity with the language, style and terminology adopted in the authoritative texts of the Central Acts in Hindi can be made in it. All the amendments of the Constitution made before such publication should be incorporated in it.
  • The translation in Hindi of every amendment of the constitution made in English.
  • The translation of the Constitution and its every amendment published shall be construed to have the same meaning as the original text in English. If any difficulty arises in this matter, the President shall cause the Hindi text to be revised suitably.
  • The translation of the Constitution and its every amendment published shall be deemed to be, for all purposes, its authoritative text in Hindi.

42. Which one of the following Amendments to the Constitution is related to the Lowering of the age of voters? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]

Correct Answer: (a) 61st Amendment
Solution:61st Amendment Act 1988
  • Article 326 of the Constitution of India deals with elections to the Houses and to the State Legislative Assemblies on the basis of universal adult suffrage.
  • The article before being amended by the 61st Amendment stated that any citizen of India who is 21 years or above, and who is not disqualified on any other grounds such as non-residence, crime, corrupt or illegal practices or unsoundness of mind, is eligible to vote at an election.
  • The proposal to reduce the voting age to 18 years was brought about to increase the participation of the youth in the electoral process of the country.
  • Today, in India about 52 lakh voters are 18 years of age and they do play a decisive role in the outcome of the elections happening in india.
  • In 2011, there was a talk of reducing the age further to 16 years but nothing has come of it so far.
  • The Constitution (Sixty-first Amendment) Act, 1988 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 13th December 1988 by the then Water Resources Minister B. Shankaranand.
  • It was debated and passed by the lower house on 15th The Rajya Sabha passed the bill on 20th December. As per law, more than half the state legislatures had to ratify the bill and this was duly obtained. Only five states, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu and Tripura did not ratify.
  • The bill received the presidential assent on 28th March 1989 when the then President R Venkataraman assented it.
  • Thus, the act came into force on 28th March 1989 and from that day onwards, any citizen who is otherwise qualified could participate in the democratic processes in India from the age of 18 years.

43. Which Constitution Amendment Act reduced the voting age from 21 years to 18 years? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2021, M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]

Correct Answer: (c) 61st Amendment
Solution:61st Amendment Act 1988
  • Article 326 of the Constitution of India deals with elections to the Houses and to the State Legislative Assemblies on the basis of universal adult suffrage.
  • The article before being amended by the 61st Amendment stated that any citizen of India who is 21 years or above, and who is not disqualified on any other grounds such as non-residence, crime, corrupt or illegal practices or unsoundness of mind, is eligible to vote at an election.
  • The proposal to reduce the voting age to 18 years was brought about to increase the participation of the youth in the electoral process of the country.
  • Today, in India about 52 lakh voters are 18 years of age and they do play a decisive role in the outcome of the elections happening in india.
  • In 2011, there was a talk of reducing the age further to 16 years but nothing has come of it so far.
  • The Constitution (Sixty-first Amendment) Act, 1988 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 13th December 1988 by the then Water Resources Minister B. Shankaranand.
  • It was debated and passed by the lower house on 15th The Rajya Sabha passed the bill on 20th December. As per law, more than half the state legislatures had to ratify the bill and this was duly obtained. Only five states, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu and Tripura did not ratify.
  • The bill received the presidential assent on 28th March 1989 when the then President R Venkataraman assented it.
  • Thus, the act came into force on 28th March 1989 and from that day onwards, any citizen who is otherwise qualified could participate in the democratic processes in India from the age of 18 years.

44. By which Constitutional Amendment, minimum age for voting rights was reduced from 21 years to 18 years in 1989? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

Correct Answer: (a) 61st Constitutional Amendment Act
Solution:61st Amendment Act 1988
  • Article 326 of the Constitution of India deals with elections to the Houses and to the State Legislative Assemblies on the basis of universal adult suffrage.
  • The article before being amended by the 61st Amendment stated that any citizen of India who is 21 years or above, and who is not disqualified on any other grounds such as non-residence, crime, corrupt or illegal practices or unsoundness of mind, is eligible to vote at an election.
  • The proposal to reduce the voting age to 18 years was brought about to increase the participation of the youth in the electoral process of the country.
  • Today, in India about 52 lakh voters are 18 years of age and they do play a decisive role in the outcome of the elections happening in india.
  • In 2011, there was a talk of reducing the age further to 16 years but nothing has come of it so far.
  • The Constitution (Sixty-first Amendment) Act, 1988 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 13th December 1988 by the then Water Resources Minister B. Shankaranand.
  • It was debated and passed by the lower house on 15th The Rajya Sabha passed the bill on 20th December. As per law, more than half the state legislatures had to ratify the bill and this was duly obtained. Only five states, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu and Tripura did not ratify.
  • The bill received the presidential assent on 28th March 1989 when the then President R Venkataraman assented it.
  • Thus, the act came into force on 28th March 1989 and from that day onwards, any citizen who is otherwise qualified could participate in the democratic processes in India from the age of 18 years.

45. By Which one of the following Constitutional Amendments Delhi became 'National Capital Region'? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]

Correct Answer: (b) 69 Amendment
Solution:The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act, 1991 provided the status of the National Capital Region to Delhi.
  • The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act of 1991 marks a significant transformation in the governance structure of Delhi.
  • This amendment was enacted to state the unique position of Delhi as the national capital while providing its citizens with a democratic government.
  • The Parliament of India, recognizing the special status of Delhi, introduced this amendment to create a balanced administrative framework that would serve both local and national interests.
  • The amendment continues to serve as the foundation for Delhi's governance, balancing local democratic aspirations with national imperatives. Its provisions ensure that Delhi can be effectively administered while maintaining its crucial role as India's capital city.
  • This unique constitutional arrangement remains a testament to India's federal structure and democratic values.

46. By which amendment of the Constitution, 'Delhi' has been made National Capital Region? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

Correct Answer: (b) 69th
Solution:The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act, 1991 provided the status of the National Capital Region to Delhi.
  • The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act of 1991 marks a significant transformation in the governance structure of Delhi.
  • This amendment was enacted to state the unique position of Delhi as the national capital while providing its citizens with a democratic government.
  • The Parliament of India, recognizing the special status of Delhi, introduced this amendment to create a balanced administrative framework that would serve both local and national interests.
  • The amendment continues to serve as the foundation for Delhi's governance, balancing local democratic aspirations with national imperatives. Its provisions ensure that Delhi can be effectively administered while maintaining its crucial role as India's capital city.
  • This unique constitutional arrangement remains a testament to India's federal structure and democratic values.

47. Which one of the following, Amendments of the Constitution of India Converts the Union Territory of Delhi into the National Capital Region of Delhi? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (a) 69th Amendment
Solution:The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act, 1991 provided the status of the National Capital Region to Delhi.
  • The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act of 1991 marks a significant transformation in the governance structure of Delhi.
  • This amendment was enacted to state the unique position of Delhi as the national capital while providing its citizens with a democratic government.
  • The Parliament of India, recognizing the special status of Delhi, introduced this amendment to create a balanced administrative framework that would serve both local and national interests.
  • The amendment continues to serve as the foundation for Delhi's governance, balancing local democratic aspirations with national imperatives. Its provisions ensure that Delhi can be effectively administered while maintaining its crucial role as India's capital city.
  • This unique constitutional arrangement remains a testament to India's federal structure and democratic values.

48. The 79th Amendment of the Indian Constitution is related to - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]

Correct Answer: (d) Reservation of SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies
Solution:79th Constitutional Amendment (1999), extended the reservation period for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Anglo-Indians in Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for 10 years. It was again extended for 10 years by 95th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2009. A provision has been made by 'The Constitution (one hundred and fourth Amendment) Act, 2019 to not to extend the provision for nomination of Anglo-Indian Community in the Lok Sabha and the Legislative Assemblies of the states beyond the stipulated date (25 January 2020).

49. Which Constitutional Amendment makes provision for the reservation of seats for SC's and STs in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (d) 79
Solution:79th Constitutional Amendment (1999), extended the reservation period for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Anglo-Indians in Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for 10 years. It was again extended for 10 years by 95th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2009. A provision has been made by 'The Constitution (one hundred and fourth Amendment) Act, 2019 to not to extend the provision for nomination of Anglo-Indian Community in the Lok Sabha and the Legislative Assemblies of the states beyond the stipulated date (25 January 2020).

50. The 93rd Constitution Amendment Bill deals with the: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2002]

Correct Answer: (b) Free and compulsory education for all children between the age of 6 and 14 years
Solution:The 93rd Constitutional Amendment Bill deals with free and compulsory education for all children between the age of 6-14 years. Through this amendment, a new Article 21-A was added to the Constitution under Fundamental Rights, and Article 45 was amended under the Directive Principles of State Policy; and a new Article 51-A(k) was added to Fundamental Duties. This amendment bill was enacted under 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.