Constitution & Political System (Part-I)

Total Questions: 60

21. Match List-1 (Article of Indian Constitution) with List -II (Provisions) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [2002]

List-I (Article of Indian Constitution)  List-II (Provisions) 
A. Article 16 (2)1. No person shall be deprived of his property save by the authority of law
B. Article 29 (2)2. No person can be discriminated against in the matter of public appointment on the ground of race, religious or caste
C. Article 30 (1)3. All minorities whether based on religion or language shall have to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice
D. Article 31 (1)4. No citizen shall be denied admission into any educational institution maintained by the State, or receiving State aid, on grounds of religion, race, caste, language or any of them

Codes:

ABCD
(a)2431
(b)3124
(c)2134
(d)3421
Correct Answer: (a)
Solution:These are Fundamental Rights under Part III of the Constitution, from Art 14-32.

Articles 12 to 35 in Part III of Indian Constitution provide for six Fundamental Rights of India. Six fundamental rights are mentioned below:

  • Right to Equality (Articles 14–18)
  • Right to Freedom (Articles 19–22)
  • Right against Exploitation (Articles 23–24)
  • Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25–28)
  • Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29–30)

  • Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) Originally, the Constitution provided for seven Fundamental Rights, including the six rights mentioned above and the Right to Property. However, the 44th Amendment Act, of 1978 removed the Right to Property from the list of Fundamental Rights. It was, instead, made a legal right under Article 300-A in Part XII of the Constitution. So at present, there are only six Fundamental Rights.

22. The purpose of the inclusion of Directive Principles of the State Policy in the Indian Constitution is to establish: [2002]

Correct Answer: (d) social and economic democracy
Solution:The purpose of Directive Principles of State Policy is to establish the social and economic democracy. Political democracy is established by the Fundamental Rights.

Directive principles of state policy have been envisaged on socialist and Gandhian principles. Mahatma Gandhi's thoughts on sanitation, non-violence, equality, and nationality have been induced in DPSP through various provisions like Art 40, Art 43, Art 46, Art 47, and Art 48.

23. Which one of the following Articles of the Directive Principles of the State Policy deals with the promotion of international peace and security? [2002]

Correct Answer: (a) 51
Solution:Article 5 l in the Constitution of India deals with Promotion of international peace and security. The State shall endeavour to(a) promote international peace and security;(b) maintain just and honourable relations between nations; (c) foster respect for international law and treaty obligations in the dealings of organised peoples with one another, and (d) encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration.

24. The Ninth Schedule to the Indian Constitution was added by: [2003]

Correct Answer: (a) First Amendment
Solution:
  • The Ninth Schedule of the Indian Constitution contains a list of central and state laws which cannot be challenged in courts.
  • It was added by the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951. The 13 laws were added to the schedule through the first Amendment in 1951.
  • The Ninth Schedule was added to the Constitution in 1951 through the First Amendment Act in response to the Supreme Court's decision in the Shankari Prasad case(1951), which had ruled that laws enacted by the Parliament could be challenged if they violated the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
  • The Ninth Schedule is a special provision in the Constitution of India that allows the legislature to exempt certain laws from judicial review through a constitutional amendment.
  • The Ninth Schedule was brought by adding new Article 31B, which along with Article 31A enacted with the aim of protecting laws related to agrarian reform and to abolish the Zamindari System.
  • The laws included in the Ninth Schedule are immune to being challenged in the court on the grounds of inconsistency with the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India.

25. Under which Article of the Indian Constitution did the President give his assent to the ordinance on electoral reforms when it was sent back to him by the Union Cabinet without making any changes (in the year 2002)? [2003]

Correct Answer: (c) Article 123
Solution:President can issue Ordinance under Article 123.
The Ordinance Making Power of the President, under Article 123 of the Indian Constitution, allows the President to promulgate ordinances during the recess of Parliament. This ordinance carries the same legal weight as an act of Parliament but is temporary. It enables the President to take immediate action in situations where legislative intervention is essential.
However, the ordinance-making power of the President is not absolute and is subject to certain limitations. For instance, an ordinance issued by the President must be approved by Parliament within six weeks of the next session, or it will cease to have effect. This ensures that the use of ordinance remains a temporary measure, with Parliament retaining the ultimate legislative authority.

26. Under which Article of the Indian Constitution did the President make a reference to the Supreme Court to seek the Court's opinion on the Constitutional validity of the Election Commission's decision on deferring the Gujarat Assembly Elections (in the year 2002) ? [2003]

Correct Answer: (b) Article 143
Solution:The Constitution under Article 143 authorises the President to seek the opinion of the Supreme Court in the two categories of matters: On any question of law or fact of public importance which has arisen or which is likely to arise. On any dispute arising out of any pre-constitution treaty, agreement, covenant, engagement, sanad or other similar instruments.

27. Which one of the following Articles of the Indian Constitution provides that "It shall be the duty of the Union to protect every State against external aggression and internal disturbance? [2003]

Correct Answer: (d) Article 355
Solution:According Article 355, it shall be the duty of the Union to protect every State against external aggression and internal disturbance and to ensure that the government of every State is carried on in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution.

Article 355 is a part of emergency provisions contained in Part XVIII of the Constitution of India, from Article 352 to 360. The provision is designed to ensure that the government can act swiftly and decisively in the event of any disturbance or threat to the peace and security of the country.

28. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer [2003]

List-I List-II 
A. Directive Principles of State Policy1. Australia
B. Fundamental Rights2. Canada
C. Concurrent List in Union-State Relations3. Ireland
D. India as a Union of States with greater powers to the Union4. United kingdom
5. United States of America

Codes:

ABCD
(a)5412
(b)3521
(c)5421
(d)3512
Correct Answer: (d)
Solution:

"The other borrowed provision from different countries and details of those given in table below."

S.NoCountryBorrowed Features of Indian Constitution
1Australia- Concurrent list (Union and State commerce and intercourse)
- Freedom of trade (strong bicameralism with two Houses of Parliament) ​
2Canada- Appointing residuary powers to the Centre ​
3Ireland- Directive Principles of State Policy
- Nomination of members to Rajya Sabha ​
4Japan (USSR now Russia)- Procedure established by law ​
5Soviet Union (USSR now Russia)- Fundamental duties by law
- Idea of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble ​
6UK- Parliamentary government
- Rule of law
- Single citizenship
- Cabinet system
- Prerogative writs
- Parliamentary privileges ​
7US- Fundamental rights
- Judicial review of President
- Impeachment ​
8Germany (Weimar)- Suspension of Fundamental rights during emergency ​
9South Africa- Procedure for amendment in Indian Constitution ​
10France- Ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity in Preamble ​

29. Which of the following Constitutional Amendments are related to raising the number of Members of Lok Sabha to be elected from the States? [2003]

Correct Answer: (c) 7th & 31st
Solution:Seventh Amendment Act, 1956 abolished the existing classification of states into four categories i.e., Part A, Part B, Part C and Part D states, and reorganised them into 14 states and 6 union territories. Consequently, Thirty-First Amendment Act, 1972 increased the number of Lok Sabha seats from 525 to 545.
Composition of Lok Sabha

  • The Constitution has fixed the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha at 550 members, of which

    • 530 members are to be representatives of the States, and

    • 20 members are to be representatives of the Union Territories (UTs).

  • At present, the Lok Sabha comprises 543 members, of which:

    • 524 members are representatives of the States, and

    • 19 members are representatives of the Union Territories (UTs).

30. Which one of the following schedules of the Indian Constitution lists the names of states and specifies their territories? [2003]

Correct Answer: (a) First
Solution:

The 1st Schedule of Indian Constitution outlines the names and territorial boundaries of both the States and Union Territories of India. It serves as the legal foundation for defining the political map of the country.
This Schedule is linked to Articles 1 and 4 of the Constitution. Article 1 declares India as a Union of States, and Article 4 provides the power to Parliament to make laws for the reorganization of states, including alterations in names, boundaries, or the formation of new states or Union Territories.
The 1st Schedule of Indian Constitution is essential for understanding the federal structure and administrative divisions of India.