Constitutional Schedules and Constitution Amendments

'Tax on income other than agricultural income' is a subject of the Union List (Entry-82).

Here is an overview of the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List in the 7th Schedule of the Indian Constitution. These lists define the distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States.

1. Union List (List I)

The Union List contains subjects on which only the Central Government can legislate. These are matters of national importance. Examples include:

• Defence

• Foreign Affairs

• Atomic Energy

• Railways

• Banking

• Foreign Trade

• Communications (Telegraphs, Telephones)

2. State List (List II)

The State List contains subjects on which only the State Governments can legislate. These matters are related to local or regional issues. Examples include:

• Police

• Public Health and Sanitation

• Agriculture

• Local Government

• Education (except for higher education)

• Veterinary Care

3. Concurrent List (List III)

The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both the Central and State Governments can legislate. If there is a conflict between the laws made by the Union and the State on the same matter, the Union law prevails. Examples include:

• Criminal Law

• Marriage and Divorce

• Bankruptcy and Insolvency

• Education (higher education, technical education)

• Trade and Commerce

• Population Control

The Sixth Schedule provides for the administration of the tribal areas of

1. Assam,
2. Meghalaya,
3. Tripura and
4. Mizoram.

Here is an overview of the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List in the 7th Schedule of the Indian Constitution. These lists define the distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States.

1. Union List (List I)

The Union List contains subjects on which only the Central Government can legislate. These are matters of national importance. Examples include:

• Defence

• Foreign Affairs

• Atomic Energy

• Railways

• Banking

• Foreign Trade

• Communications (Telegraphs, Telephones)

2. State List (List II)

The State List contains subjects on which only the State Governments can legislate. These matters are related to local or regional issues. Examples include:

• Police

• Public Health and Sanitation

• Agriculture

• Local Government

• Education (except for higher education)

• Veterinary Care

3. Concurrent List (List III)

The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both the Central and State Governments can legislate. If there is a conflict between the laws made by the Union and the State on the same matter, the Union law prevails. Examples include:

• Criminal Law

• Marriage and Divorce

• Bankruptcy and Insolvency

• Education (higher education, technical education)

• Trade and Commerce

• Population Control

The division of powers between Union and State is notified through three kinds of the list mentioned in the seventh schedule:

Union List List I

State List List II

Concurrent List - List III

The 4th Schedule of the Indian Constitution deals with the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). It provides the distribution of seats among the States and Union Territories, ensuring representation in the Upper House of Parliament.

Key Points:

• Rajya Sabha is the Upper House of Parliament.

• The total number of seats in the Rajya Sabha is 245.

• 233 seats are allocated to States and Union Territories based on their population.

• 12 seats are nominated by the President for distinguished individuals in fields like literature, science, art, etc.

• The allocation of seats is revised periodically based on the population of each State and Union Territory.

Distribution of Seats in the Rajya Sabha:

• State representation is based on population size, with larger states getting more seats.

• The Union Territories also have representation in the Rajya Sabha, but on a smaller scale.

The 4th Schedule ensures a fair and balanced representation of various regions of India in the Rajya Sabha.

The 3rd Schedule of the Indian Constitution contains the forms of oaths and affirmations required for various officials. Key points include:

• President, Vice President, and Governors take an oath to uphold and protect the Constitution.

• Members of Parliament (MPs) swear to uphold the Constitution and discharge their duties with integrity.

• Judges of the Supreme Court, High Courts, and lower courts swear to administer justice impartially and uphold the Constitution.

• Ministers also take an oath to serve the nation and adhere to the Constitution.

The 4th Schedule of the Indian Constitution deals with the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). It provides the distribution of seats among the States and Union Territories, ensuring representation in the Upper House of Parliament.

Key Points:

• Rajya Sabha is the Upper House of Parliament.
• The total number of seats in the Rajya Sabha is 245.
• 233 seats are allocated to States and Union Territories based on their population.
• 12 seats are nominated by the President for distinguished individuals in fields like literature, science, art, etc.
• The allocation of seats is revised periodically based on the population of each State and Union Territory.

Distribution of Seats in the Rajya Sabha:

• State representation is based on population size, with larger states getting more seats.
• The Union Territories also have representation in the Rajya Sabha, but on a smaller scale.