Data Interpretation (UPSC)

Total Questions: 57

51. The following graph indicates the composition of our tax revenue for a period of two decades: [2018-1]

With reference to the above graph, which of the following is/are the most logical and rational inference/ inferences that can be made?

1. During the given period, the revenue from Direct Taxes as percentage of gross tax revenue has increased while that of Indirect Taxes decreased.

2. The trend in the revenue from Excise Duty demonstrates that the growth of manufacturing sector has been negative during the given period.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (a) 1 only
Note:

1. Corporate tax (......) and personal tax (-----) are direct taxes. From graph it is clear that corporate tax is increasing tremendously whereas personal tax increased slightly. Exercise (), customs (...) and service tax (-) are indirect taxes. From the graph, it is clear that exercise and customs decreased tremendously whereas service tax is increased.

Therefore, during the given period, the revenue from direct taxes as percentage of gross tax revenue has increased while that of indirect taxes decreased.

2. From the graph, it is clear that exercise duty is over all decreased tremendously. But after 2010, exercise duty increases slightly. This traineds of exercise duty has many reasons. One of then may be decreasing rate of exercise duty to promote manufacturing sector thats why after 2010 exercise duty increases slightly.

52. By how much (measured in thousands of tons) did the import of sheet steel exceed the import of coil steel in the first three months of the year? [2018-1]

The following three items are based on the graph given below which shows imports of three different types of steel over a period of six months of a year. Study the graph and answer the three items that follow.

The figures in the brackets indicate the average cost per ton over six months period.

(a) 11
(b) 15
(c) 19
(d) 23

Correct Answer: (c) 19
Note:

Total import of sheet steel in first three months

= 40 + 37 + 36 = 113

Total import of coil steel in first three months

= 30 + 31 + 33 = 94

Required value = 113 - 94 = 19

53. What was the approximate total value (in $) of sheet steel imported over the six months period? [2018-1]

The figures in the brackets indicate the average cost per ton over six months period.

(a) 45,555
(b) 50,555
(c) 55,550
(d) 65,750

Correct Answer: (c) 55,550
Note:

Total sheet steel important over six months period

= 40 + 37 + 36 + 36 + 34 + 34 = 217

Total value = 217 *256 = 55552 ≈ 55550

54. What was the approximate ratio of sheet steel and scrap steel imports in the first three months of the year? [2018-1]

The figures in the brackets indicate the average cost per ton over six months period.

(a) 1:1
(b) 1.2:1
(c) 1.4:1
(d) 1.6: 1

Correct Answer: (b) 1.2:1
Note:

Total sheet steel imported in first three months

= 40 + 37 + 36 = 113

Total scrap steel imported in first three months

= 32 + 34 + 32 = 98

Required ratio = 113 : 98 = 1 : 2 : 1

55. Consider the following data: [2020-I]

Year	Birth rate	Death rate
1911-1921	48.1	35.5
1921-1931	46.4	36.3
1931-1941	45.2	31.2
1941-1951	39.9	27.4
1951-1961	41.7	22.8
1961-1971	41.1	18.9
1971-1981	37.1	14.8

For which period was the natural growth rate maximum?

(a) 1911-1921
(b) 1941-1951
(c) 1961-1971
(d) 1971-1981

Correct Answer: (d) 1971-1981
Note:

Natural growth rate for the period:

Year	Birth rate	Death rate	Growth rate
1911-1921	48.1	35.5	48.1-35.512.6
1941-1951	39.9	27.4	39.9-27.4-12.5
1961-1971	41.1	18.9	41.1-18.9-22.2
1971-1981	37.1	14.8	37.1 14.822.3.

Hence, natural growth rate is maximum in 1971-1981.

56. A pie diagram shows the percentage distribution of proteins, water and other dry elements in the human body. Given that protiens correspond to 16% and water corresponds to 70%. If both proteins and the other dry elements correspond to (p ^ 0) / o then what is the central angle of the sector representing p on the pie diagram? [2021-1]

(a) 54⁰
(b) 96⁰
(c) 108⁰
(d) 120⁰

Correct Answer: (c) 108⁰
Note:

Other dry elements in the human body=100-70-16-14%

Now, P% = 16 + 14 = 30%

central angle = 30/100 * 360° = 108°

57. A pie chart gives the expenditure on five different items A, B, C, D and E in a household. If B, C, D and E correspond to 90⁰ 50⁰ 45⁰ and 75⁰ respectively, then what is the percentage of expenditure on item A? [ [2022-1]

(a) 112/9
(b) 125/6
(c) 155/9
(d) 250/9

Correct Answer: (a) 112/9
Note:

Angular expenditure by A

= 360 - (90 + 50 + 45 + 75) = 100º

Percent expenditure on item A = 100/360 * 100 = (250/9)%

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Data Interpretation (UPSC)

51. The following graph indicates the composition of our tax revenue for a period of two decades: [2018-1]

52. By how much (measured in thousands of tons) did the import of sheet steel exceed the import of coil steel in the first three months of the year? [2018-1]

53. What was the approximate total value (in $) of sheet steel imported over the six months period? [2018-1]

54. What was the approximate ratio of sheet steel and scrap steel imports in the first three months of the year? [2018-1]

55. Consider the following data: [2020-I]

57. A pie chart gives the expenditure on five different items A, B, C, D and E in a household. If B, C, D and E correspond to 90⁰ 50⁰ 45⁰ and 75⁰ respectively, then what is the percentage of expenditure on item A? [ [2022-1]

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