Design of Steel Structure (General Engineering) (SSC JE)

The alloy mentioned promotes hardness, toughness, castability and corrosion resistance in steel the element that are commonly added to steel for these purposes are manganese, molybdenum, tungsten and chromium.

Manganese– Manganese has strong affinity for oxygen and sulphur and its as a cleanser of the molten metal by withdrawing much of the undesirable impurities into the slag. Manganese increases the tensile strength, hardenability and dilutes the effect of sulphur.

ISJB = Indian standard Junior Beam
ISLB = Indian standard Light Beam
ISMB = Indian standard Medium Beam
ISWM = Indian standard Wide Beam
ISHB = Indian standard Heavy Beam

When the percentage of carbon increases–
(i) The ultimate strength of concrete is increases.
(ii) The ductility of the steel is decreases.
(iii) The brittleness of the steel is increases.
(iv) The elongation before fracture decreases.

IS 800-2007–This code is used for designing steel structures in general building construction.
IS 456-2000–Used for plain and reinforced concrete.

A tension member is designed as a structural member subjected to tensile force is a direction parallel to its longitudinal axis.
• A tension member is also called a tie member or simply tie.

Steel as a building material–
Advantage–
• High strength/weight ratio
• Properties are homogeneous and predictable
• High ductility
• Erection of steel structures not as affected by weather.
• Contributes to sustainable design.

For rivets used in pressure vessels and boilers, caulking and fullering and primarily used to obtain leak-proof joints.

Caulking tool–It is used for closing down the edges of the plates and heads of the rivets to from a metal to metal joint.

Fullering tool–It is used for pressing the surface of the
edge of the plate. It helps to make fluid-tight joints.

 Types of I-beam–
(i) Indian Standard Junior Beam (ISJB)
(ii) Indian Standard Light Beam (ISLB)
(iii) Indian Standard Medium Beam (ISMB)
(iv) Indian Standard Wide Beam (ISWB)
(v) Indian Standard Heavy Beam (ISHB)

Apart from chromium, stainless steels have nickel as their major alloying element.

• Stainless steel have at least 10.5% chromium (usually 11 or 12%)
• Large amount of nickel more than 8% is added to high chromium stainless steel to produce the most important group of steel that are resistant to both heat and corrosion.

Poisson's ratio–It is the ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain.