Design of Steel Structure (General Engineering) (SSC JE)

According IS 800-2000 in design steel structures, maximum slenderness ratio–

The diameter of the rivet is found on the basis of Unwins formula.
φ = 6.01√t
where, t = thickness of steel plate
φ = diameter of rivet

A structural member subjected to an axial compressive is called strut. It is subjected to both inclined or vertical axial compression. When strut is subjected to only vertical axial compression, it is known as column.
Beam - Transverse shear
Frame - Both axial and transverse loading.

High speed tools steels–
• These steels are used for cutting metals at a much higher cutting speed (two to three times higher) than ordinary carbon tool steels.
• The carbon steel cutting tools do not retain their sharp cutting edges under heavier loads and higher speeds.
• This is due to the fact that of high speeds sufficient heat may be developed during the cutting operation and causes the temperature of the cutting edge of the tool to reach a red heat.
• The high speed steels have the valuable thus the tool will not work efficiently for a longer period.

Radius of gyration– The radius of gyration is the distance from an axis of a body to the point in the body whose moment of inertia is equal to the moment of inertia of the entire body.
Slenderness ratio– Slenderness ratio of a compression member is defined as the ratio of its effective length to least radius of gyration.

In historic carpentry the top chords are often called rafters and the bottom chord is an often a tie beam.

A roof truss will slightly deflect under a vertical or moving load. The upper chord will be under compression while the lower chord is under tension.

Diagonals can either be compression tension members depending on their inclination therefore diagonals are truss members the stress depends upon whether the load is moving on the top chord or bottom chord.
Note – The commission has accepted option (b) as correct.

The maximum bending moment due to strain of wheel loads on a simply supported girder always occurs under a wheel load.
Grantey girder– Grantey girder are provided in industrial building to support overhead cranes for the transportation and lifting heavy load.

Killed steel– During the steel making process, the molten metal as it comes from the furnace contains more or less oxygen in the form of dissolved oxides, the amount varying with the composition desired and with certain conditions of steel making.

If certain elements such as Mn, Si and Al are added in sufficient amount to molten steel in the lade. The cost of killing steel is evidently higher than rimmed or copper steel.