Development of Press in Modern India (Part-II)

Total Questions: 34

11. Who in America started to issue newspaper ‘Free Hindustan’? [39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]

(a) Ram Nath Puri
(b) G.D. Kumar
(c) Lala Hardayal
(d) Tarak Nath Das

Correct Answer: (d) Tarak Nath Das

Solution:Tarak Nath Das started to publish the The Free Hindustan in America.

Das was the first leader of the Indian community in North America to start a newspaper. The newspaper was a testament to the spirit of the Indian independence movement in the early 20th century. The newspaper was described as "An Organ of Freedom, and of Political, Social and Religious Reform". The first issue of the newspaper included a report on a mass meeting in Vancouver where "natives of Hindusthan" protested the unjust treatment of dominion and home governments

12. Persian Weekly ‘Miratul Akhbar’ was Published by: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]

(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
(b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(c) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
(d) Maulana Shibli Nomani

Correct Answer: (b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Solution:Raja Ram Mohan Roy, to promote and circulate his thoughts, published the Sambad Kaumudi weekly newspaper in 1821 and a Persian newspaper Mirat-ul-Akhbar in 1822. Knew English, Bengali, Persian, Greek and Latin. But John Adams the then acting Governor-General banned the Indian press in 1823 and imposed a fine of 400 rupees and imprisonment on publication without a license. District magistrate had the right to seize the publication house. As a result, Raja Ram Mohan Roy had to stop publishing Mirat-ul-Akbar.

13. From where the 'Indian Mirror' newspaper was published in 1880? [U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

(a) Bombay
(b) Calcutta
(c) Madras
(d) Pondicherry

Correct Answer: (b) Calcutta

Solution:The newspaper 'Indian Mirror' was published in Calcutta (Bengal). Devendra Nath Tagore and Manmohan Ghosh founded ‘Indian Mirror’ in 1861. Keshav Chandra Sen and Narendra Nath Sen were in its editorial department. It was a daily newspaper.

14. In which one of the following languages was the first issue of the Journal Gadar published? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

(a) Urdu
(b) Hindi
(c) English
(d) Marathi

Correct Answer: (a) Urdu

Solution:The first issue of the ‘Gadar’ was published on November 1, 1913 in Urdu on December 9, 1913 its publication began in Gurmukhi script as well. It was also published in Marathi, Hindi, English, and Gujarati. An issue of this was published in the Pashto language.

15. The journal ‘Gadar’ of Gadar Party was a: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]

(a) Monthly Journal
(b) Fortnightly Journal
(c) Weekly Journal
(d) Daily Journal

Correct Answer: (c) Weekly Journal

Solution:In 1913, a growing number of migrants from India to Canada and the USA formed the Ghadar party (Hindustan Ghadar Party) in San Francisco, designed to organize an army to overthrow British colonial rule in India. Lala Hardayal, Sohan Singh Bhakna and Kartar Singh launched 'Ghadar' of Ghadar Party in the United States of America and Canada to free India from the British. The first issue of this publication was launched on November 1, 1913.

16. Who founded the ‘Amrita Bazar Patrika’? [47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]

(a) Girish Chandra Ghosh
(b) Harish Chandra Mukherjee
(c) S.N. Banerjee
(d) Shishir Kumar Ghose

Correct Answer: (d) Shishir Kumar Ghose

Solution:Shishir Kumar Ghosh and Motilal Ghosh founded Amrita Bazar Patrika in 1868 in Jessore district of Bangladesh (later published from Kolkata). It was primarily published in the Bengali language. In 1878 it was converted overnight to English to avoid the Vernacular Press Act. Girish Chandra Ghosh started publishing Bengalee in 1862, which was later overtaken by S.N. Banerjee in 1879. ‘Hindoo Patriot’ was also started by Girish Chandra Ghosh. Later Harishchandra Mukherjee became its editor.

17. Which newspaper was started by Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak to serve the cause of India’s freedom struggle? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010 M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008 U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]

(a) Gadar
(b) Kesari
(c) Free Hindustan
(d) Swadesh Mitra

Correct Answer: (b) Kesari

Solution:In 1881, two main newspapers ‘Kesari’ and ‘Mahratta’ were started in Mumbai. Tilak made Kesari as his newspaper for Home Rule movement which was published in the Marathi language. Mahratta was published in English. In the beginning Gopal Ganesh Agarkar was the editor of ‘Kesari’ and Mahratta but later both were published by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

18. Which one of the popular magazines of the revolutionary period criticized the Congress for various reasons? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]

(a) Bangawasi
(b) Kaal
(c) Kesari
(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above

Solution:‘Bangawasi’, ‘Kaal’, and ‘Kesari’ were the popular newspaper of the revolutionary period which criticized Congress for its liberal policies.

19. Which of the following newspapers advocated revolutionary terrorism during the period of Indian freedom struggle? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2008]

Sandhya
Yugantar
Kaal

Choose the correct answer from the code given below:
Code:

(a) 1, 2
(b) 1, 3
(c) 2, 3
(d) 1, 2, 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3

Solution:Sandhya, Yugantar, and Kaal were the newspapers which advocated revolutionary actions during the period of Indian freedom struggle.

After 1905, several newspapers had begun to advocate revolutionary terrorism, the Sandhya and the Yugantar in Bengal and the Kal in Maharashtra were the most prominent among them. After the arrest of Bal Gangadhar Tilak and retirement of few nationalists leader, the Anti-Partition movement failed to generate a mass revolution but somehow the Swadeshi and Boycott movement had managed to keep the sentiments of nationalists alive.

This agitation against the British official considered as the great evolutionary leap forward for Indian nationalism and also, this was another big revolt after 1857.

20. Which journal was not associated with revolutionary activities? [60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Sandhya
(b) Yugantar
(c) Gadar
(d) Young India

Correct Answer: (d) Young India

Solution:Young India was not associated with revolutionary activities. Young India was a weekly journal/magazine published by Mahatma Gandhi. He used Young India to spread his unique ideology and thoughts regarding the use of non-violence. Ghadar was a weekly newspaper published by a revolutionary group (Ghadar Party) with its headquarters at San Francisco. The newspapers and journals advocating revolutionary terrorism included Sandhya and Yugantar in Bengal, and Kaal in Maharashtra.

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