HomeMock TestState PCSRailwaySSCHSSCDSSSBRO/AROUPSC

Diseases and Treatment: I. Viral Diseases Part-I

📆 October 30, 2024

Total Questions: 40

11. Which of the following is mRNA vaccine used against Covid-19 infection? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (c) Moderna
Solution:The Moderna COVID-19 vaccine is developed by the American company Moderna, the United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). It is an mRNA vaccine composed of nucleoside modified mRNA (modRNA) encoding a spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which is encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles.

12. How do COVID vaccines stimulate an immune response? [69th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (a) By introducing live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 virus
Solution:Immune responses can be stimulated in host by introducing live, attenuated pathogen i.e., SARS-CoV2 virus. Option (b) and option (d) are not associated with the mechanism of stimulating immune response by covid vaccines. The statement made in option (c) is unscientific. Introduction of adjuvanted spike protein can’t be considered as harmless piece, since it is the main component of the virus through which it enters the host and spread the infection. Hence, option (c) is ruled out and option (a) is the correct answer.

13. How do vector vaccines work to provide immunity? [69th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (c) By placing the virus in a modified version of a different virus
Solution:Viral vector vaccines use a modified version of a different virus as a vector to deliver protection. Viral vector vaccines use a harmless virus to smuggle the instructions for making antigens from the disease-causing virus into cells, triggering protective immunity against it.

14. ‘Wolbachia method’ is sometimes talked about with reference to which one of the following? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (d) Producing biochar from thermo-chemical conversion of biomass
Solution:Wolbachia is one of the world’s most common types of bacteria, present in 50-60% of all insect species, including bees, beetles, butterflies, moths, and fruit flies. Wolbachia blocks viruses like dengue, chikungunya and Zika from growing in the bodies of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This means that Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes have a reduced ability to transmit viruses to people. When Wolbachia is established in a mosquito population it results in a decreasing incidence of dengue, Zika, chikungunya etc. World Mosquito Program’s Wolbachia method can protect communities from mosquito-borne diseases without posing risk to natural ecosystems.

15. Which disease among these is transmitted by the bite of an insect? [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1996]

Correct Answer: (b) Dengue
Solution:Dengue (break-bone fever) is a mosquito-borne viral infection.It is more common in tropical and subtropical climates, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. While many dengue infections are asymptomatic or produce only mild illness, the virus can occasionally cause more severe cases, and even death.

It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitos carrying one of four types of dengue virus (DENV). Dengue isn't contagious from person to person except when passed from a pregnant person to their child.

An estimated 400 million dengue infections occur worldwide each year, with about 96 million resulting in illness. A person can be infected with dengue multiple times in their life.

The most common symptoms are high fever, headache, body aches, nausea, and rash. Most will get better in 1-2 weeks. A very small portion of people with dengue fever get a severe case. It's called dengue hemorrhagic fever. Symptoms show up as the fever begins to ease. These may include vomiting that does not go away, rapid breathing, blood in vomit, and bleeding gums.Individuals who are infected for the second time are at greater risk of severe dengue. In severe cases, dengue can be fatal.

16. The dengue fever is caused by the bite of which of the following mosquitoes? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

Correct Answer: (a) Aedes
Solution:Dengue (break-bone fever) is a mosquito-borne viral infection.It is more common in tropical and subtropical climates, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. While many dengue infections are asymptomatic or produce only mild illness, the virus can occasionally cause more severe cases, and even death.

It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitos carrying one of four types of dengue virus (DENV). Dengue isn't contagious from person to person except when passed from a pregnant person to their child.

An estimated 400 million dengue infections occur worldwide each year, with about 96 million resulting in illness. A person can be infected with dengue multiple times in their life.

The most common symptoms are high fever, headache, body aches, nausea, and rash. Most will get better in 1-2 weeks. A very small portion of people with dengue fever get a severe case. It's called dengue hemorrhagic fever. Symptoms show up as the fever begins to ease. These may include vomiting that does not go away, rapid breathing, blood in vomit, and bleeding gums.Individuals who are infected for the second time are at greater risk of severe dengue. In severe cases, dengue can be fatal.

17. Dengue is a fever caused and transmitted to another human by : [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

Correct Answer: (a) Virus and female Aedes mosquito
Solution:Dengue (break-bone fever) is a mosquito-borne viral infection.It is more common in tropical and subtropical climates, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. While many dengue infections are asymptomatic or produce only mild illness, the virus can occasionally cause more severe cases, and even death.

It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitos carrying one of four types of dengue virus (DENV). Dengue isn't contagious from person to person except when passed from a pregnant person to their child.

An estimated 400 million dengue infections occur worldwide each year, with about 96 million resulting in illness. A person can be infected with dengue multiple times in their life.

The most common symptoms are high fever, headache, body aches, nausea, and rash. Most will get better in 1-2 weeks. A very small portion of people with dengue fever get a severe case. It's called dengue hemorrhagic fever. Symptoms show up as the fever begins to ease. These may include vomiting that does not go away, rapid breathing, blood in vomit, and bleeding gums.Individuals who are infected for the second time are at greater risk of severe dengue. In severe cases, dengue can be fatal.

18. Which of these decreases in human the body due to dengue fever ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

Correct Answer: (a) Platelets
Solution:Platelets are rapidly decreased due to dengue fever. These are important to prevent bleeding in the body. So due to decreasing level of platelets the patient may suffer from internal bleeding.

Dengue (break-bone fever) is a mosquito-borne viral infection.It is more common in tropical and subtropical climates, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. While many dengue infections are asymptomatic or produce only mild illness, the virus can occasionally cause more severe cases, and even death.

It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitos carrying one of four types of dengue virus (DENV). Dengue isn't contagious from person to person except when passed from a pregnant person to their child.

An estimated 400 million dengue infections occur worldwide each year, with about 96 million resulting in illness. A person can be infected with dengue multiple times in their life.

The most common symptoms are high fever, headache, body aches, nausea, and rash. Most will get better in 1-2 weeks. A very small portion of people with dengue fever get a severe case. It's called dengue hemorrhagic fever. Symptoms show up as the fever begins to ease. These may include vomiting that does not go away, rapid breathing, blood in vomit, and bleeding gums.Individuals who are infected for the second time are at greater risk of severe dengue. In severe cases, dengue can be fatal.

19. Consider the following statements : [I.A.S. (Pre) 2005]

  1. Dengue is a protozoan disease transmitted by mosquitoes.
  2. Retro-orbital pain is not a symptom of dengue.
  3. Skin rash and bleeding from nose and gums are some of the symptoms of dengue.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) 3 only
Solution:Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Dengue fever is a painful, debilitating disease caused by viruses. Symptoms may include sudden high fever, severe headaches, pain behind the eyes (retro-orbital pain), severe joint and muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, skin rash and bleeding from nose and gums. These symptoms appear three to four days after the fever.

20. Which one of the following diseases is not a bacterial disease? [Rajasthan P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (d) Dengue
Solution:Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by the bite of an Aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus. Diphtheria, plague and pneumonia are bacterial diseases. Among these pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses.
Home  | Mock Test  | State PCS  | Railway  | SSC  | HSSC  | DSSSB  | RO/ARO  | UPSC  | 
© 2024 Mock Test 365 | All Rights Reserved