Economic Geography Part-2

Total Questions: 48

21. Which of the following statements are correct: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]

1. China is the largest producer of Tobacco in the world

2. India is the largest producer of Jowar in the world

3. Brazil is the largest producer of Soyabean in the world

4. Italy is the largest producer of raw silk in the world

Code:

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 4

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2

Solution:When this question was asked, China was the leading producer of Tobacco & raw silk in the world. India was the leading producer of Jowar (Sorghum) in the world. The United States of America was the largest producer of Soyabean in the world. According to 2022 FAO data China is the largest producer of Tobacco (Unmanufactured) and Raw Silk in the world presently. Largest producer of Sorghum is Nigeria followed by Sudan and USA. Largest producer of Soyabeans is Brazil. Largest producer of tobacco (unmanufactured) and raw silk is China.

22. Which one of the following countries exports the highest percentage of its sugar production - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]

(a) India
(b) Mauritius
(c) Mexico
(d) China

Correct Answer: (b) Mauritius

Solution:In the given options, Mauritius exports the highest percentage of its sugar production. The economy of Mauritius mainly depends on sugar export and tourism. Sugar exports are a major source of foreign exchange for Mauritius, representing a significant portion of its total exports.

Mauritius has a small domestic market for sugar, with a large percentage of its production being exported to regional markets as well as to the European and United States markets. The sugar industry once played a crucial role in the Mauritian economy, contributing significantly to GDP and exports. While sugar remains important, Mauritius has diversified its economy, with textiles and tourism also contributing significantly to GDP and exports.

In 2023, Raw Sugar was the 2nd most exported product in Mauritius, with a value of $272M. The main destinations for Mauritian raw sugar exports include Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, Kenya, and France. The Mauritian sugar industry is also focusing on sustainability, with initiatives to promote renewable energy generation from sugarcane by-products.

23. Two major producers of natural rubber in the world are: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

(a) Brazil and Malaysia
(b) Vietnam and India
(c) China and Philippines
(d) Thailand and Indonesia

Correct Answer: (d) Thailand and Indonesia

Solution:Thailand is the world's leading producer, with significant rubber plantations concentrated in the southern regions of the country. Indonesia is the second-largest producer, with extensive rubber plantations in Sumatra and Kalimantan.

Vietnam and Malaysia are also major producers, with significant rubber plantations. Malaysia was once the top producer but has been overtaken by Thailand and Indonesia due to competition and shifts in land use.

24. About one-third of the world's production of natural rubber comes from [U.P.P.S.C (GIC) 2010, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]

(a) India
(b) Indonesia
(c) Malaysia
(d) Thailand

Correct Answer: (d) Thailand

Solution:Thailand is the world's largest producer of natural rubber, contributing a significant portion (around one-third) of global production. The rubber industry is heavily concentrated in the southern regions of Thailand, where the climate and soil conditions are particularly suitable for rubber cultivation. Natural rubber is a leading agricultural export product for Thailand, with the rubber industry playing a crucial role in the country's economy.

The rubber industry in Thailand consists of three main segments: upstream production (cultivation and latex extraction), intermediate processing, and downstream processing (manufacturing rubber products). Thailand is a world leader in upstream rubber production, meaning they are strong in the initial stages of rubber production, such as cultivating rubber trees and extracting latex. Thailand is an important exporter of intermediate rubber products, such as concentrated latex and ribbed smoked sheets, which are used in the production of tires and other automotive parts.

25. The largest rubber cultivation is done in [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

(a) India
(b) China
(c) Amazon and Zaire basins
(d) England

Correct Answer: (a) India

Solution:As per the given options 'India' is the correct answer, when the question was asked. According to recent data of FAO, 2022, the largest rubber producing is done Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Cote d' Ivoire, India and China.

26. Coffee cultivation in Sri Lanka was abandoned because of the disease: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]

(a) Leaf blight
(b) Leaf spot
(c) Leaf Rust
(d) Rot

Correct Answer: (c) Leaf Rust

Solution:Beginning in the decade of 1860, due to the epidemic, called leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix), the cultivation of coffee was abandoned in most of the British colonies. This epidemic started in Sri Lanka (Soudh Asia) during the year 1869. Hemileia vastatrix is a fungus of the order Pucciniales that causes coffee leaf rust (CLR), a disease that is devastating to a susceptible coffee plantation.

27. The two leading producers of coffee in the world are : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]

(a) Brazil and Colombia
(b) Brazil and Vietnam
(c) Mexico and India
(d) Ethiopia and Mexico

Correct Answer: (b) Brazil and Vietnam

Solution:

According to data of FAO 2022 leading producer of Coffee (green) in the world are as follows:

(1) Brazil, (2) Vietnam, (3) Indonesia, (4) Colombia, (5) Ethiopia, (6) Uganda, (7) Peru, (8) India, (9) Honduras.

28. The highest coffee producing country in the world is: [U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2012]

(a) Bolivia
(b) Brazil
(c) China
(d) India

Correct Answer: (b) Brazil

Solution:According to FAO, 2022 top coffee (Green) producing countries are:

Country	Production (Thousand Tonnes)
Brazil	3172.56
Vietnam	1953.99
Indonesia	794.76
Colombia	665.01
Ethiopia	496.20
Uganda	393.90
Peru	352.64
India	338.62
Honduras	315.49

29. The country at the top in terms of percentage of total coffee production in the world is [U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2013]

(a) Colombia
(b) Brazil
(c) India
(d) Ethiopia

Correct Answer: (b) Brazil

Solution:According to FAO, 2022 top coffee (Green) producing countries are:

Country	Production (Thousand Tonnes)
Brazil	3172.56
Vietnam	1953.99
Indonesia	794.76
Colombia	665.01
Ethiopia	496.20
Uganda	393.90
Peru	352.64
India	338.62
Honduras	315.49

30. Which one of the following countries is the second largest exporter of coffee in the world? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

(a) Indonesiant
(b) Columbia
(c) Vietnam
(d) Brazil

Correct Answer: (c) Vietnam

Solution:According to FAO (2022), Vietnam is the second largest exporter of coffee in the world after Brazil (according to quantity). Vietnam is known for its high-quality Robusta beans, which constitute a significant portion of its coffee exports. In 2023, Vietnam's coffee exports totaled roughly 1.61 million tons, valued at $4.18 billion.

Vietnam's coffee exports account for about 20% of global coffee production. Germany and the United States are among the largest importers of Vietnamese coffee. The coffee industry plays a vital role in Vietnam's economy, contributing to job creation and foreign exchange earnings.

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